In this paper, a fault-tolerant control scheme is presented for a boiler-turbine unit of a thermal power plant covering a wide range of operations: at low, medium, and high loads. The approach is based on the use of an observer-based actuator fault estimation system to detect and estimate the fault magnitude for a posteriori compensation via a fault-tolerant control scheme. The performance of both, the observer for actuator fault estimation and the fault-tolerant control scheme are evaluated in a practical scenario using a simulator of the dynamics of the critical variables of the process: the main steam flow, the first stage turbine pressure, the super-heated steam pressure, the drum pressure, and the electric power. The main contribution of this work is to develop an integral, practical methodology for analysis and design of a simultaneous actuator fault estimation and fault-tolerant control system for nonlinear processes. The originality with respect to other works is the regulation of the electric power demand in a thermometric steam generator by means of a fault-tolerant control (FTC) approach. The FTC is based on the knowledge of the fault magnitude on actuators via an observer-based fault estimation scheme. On the other hand, the use of the Takagi-Sugeno approach allows to extend these results to a wider variety of processes with strong nonlinear dynamics.

在本文中，针对火力发电厂的锅炉-涡轮机组提出了一种容错控制方案，涵盖了广泛的操作范围：低、中和高负载。该方法基于使用基于观测器的执行器故障估计系统，通过容错控制方案检测和估计故障幅度以进行后验补偿。执行器故障估计观测器和容错控制方案的性能在实际场景中使用过程关键变量的动力学模拟器进行评估：主蒸汽流量、第一级涡轮压力、过热蒸汽压力、汽包压力和电力。这项工作的主要贡献是开发一个整体，用于非线性过程的同步执行器故障估计和容错控制系统的分析和设计的实用方法。相对于其他作品的独创性是通过容错控制 (FTC) 方法调节测温蒸汽发生器中的电力需求。FTC 基于通过基于观测器的故障估计方案对执行器故障幅度的了解。另一方面，Takagi-Sugeno 方法的使用允许将这些结果扩展到具有强非线性动力学的更广泛的过程。FTC 基于通过基于观测器的故障估计方案对执行器故障幅度的了解。另一方面，Takagi-Sugeno 方法的使用允许将这些结果扩展到具有强非线性动力学的更广泛的过程。FTC 基于通过基于观测器的故障估计方案对执行器故障幅度的了解。另一方面，Takagi-Sugeno 方法的使用允许将这些结果扩展到具有强非线性动力学的更广泛的过程。