Key message

In this review, genes and transcripts that play important roles in the vegetative and reproductive development of bamboos along with their stress responses have been discussed and a few yet unresolved research questions have been identified.

Abstract

Bamboos, a member of the family Poaceae, sub-family Bambusoideae hosts approximately 1670 species within 125 genera and are distributed in Asia, America and Africa. Bamboos are used as food, fodder, medicine and also for construction, furniture and handicrafts. Bamboos also have potential as bioenergy plants for their fast shoot growth, attaining a final height of 5–20 m within only 2–4 months. They are less prone to diseases, can grow under a variety of environmental conditions, and can withstand a wide range of abiotic stresses. For fundamental research, the plant group can serve as a model to address interesting evolutionary and developmental biological questions related to its unusually extended flowering time and its expansion of gene families as a result of polyploidization. However, genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic research progress to date does not reflect the utility and research opportunities of this species group, although the first bamboo genome sequences of Phyllostachys heterocycla (= Phyllostachys edulis/moso bamboo) are available. The objective of this article is to review the current state of bamboo genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic research, and to highlight important research directions that can be pursued using these technologies.

中文翻译：

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对竹子生长和发育的基因组洞察：我们学到了什么，还有什么有待发现？

关键信息

在这篇综述中，讨论了在竹子的营养和生殖发育及其胁迫反应中起重要作用的基因和转录本，并确定了一些尚未解决的研究问题。

摘要

竹子是禾本科、竹子亚科的成员，拥有 125 个属中的约 1670 个物种，分布于亚洲、美洲和非洲。竹子可用作食物、饲料、药物，也可用于建筑、家具和手工艺品。竹子还具有作为生物能源植物的潜力，因为它们的枝条生长速度快，仅在 2-4 个月内就能达到 5-20 m 的最终高度。它们不易生病，可以在各种环境条件下生长，并且可以承受范围广泛的非生物胁迫。对于基础研究，植物群可以作为一个模型来解决有趣的进化和发育生物学问题，这些问题与其异常延长的开花时间和由于多倍化导致的基因家族的扩张有关。然而，基因组学，Phyllostachys heterocycla (=  Phyllostachys edulis/毛竹) 是可用的。本文的目的是回顾竹子基因组学、转录组学和蛋白质组学研究的现状，并强调可以使用这些技术进行的重要研究方向。