Journal of Cluster Science ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-02153-x Murugesan Venkatachalam 1 , Vaiyapuri Manju 1 , Kreedapathy Girija Easwaradas 2
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The present study focused on the eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite (EHA) employed as biomedical applications. The as-synthesized EHA samples were prepared by microwave irradiation method and further characterized through fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and powder X-Ray diffraction analysis indicates phase purity, crystallinity, and crystallite size of EHA. The morphology of the EHA sample was observed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM) a revealed self-assembled flower shape with energy-dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX) for elemental analysis. The hemolytic assay suggests an acceptable compatibility material for the EHA sample. Moreover the agar well diffusion test, none of the EHA samples showed a zone of inhibition against pathogenic strains. Besides, the in vitro bioactivity of EHA nanocomposite was studied by antioxidant activity indicates well free radical scavenging when compared with ascorbic acid. Further, cell cytotoxicity studies were systemically investigated for different days on MC3T3 osteoblast-like cell lines and it was found that EHA nanocomposite improved the cell proliferation. These results strongly suggesting that developed eggshell-derived hydroxyapatite (EHA) significantly alters the antioxidant activity, non-toxic blood cells, and cytotoxicity for MC3T3 cells. Therefore, it can be a prospective approach to acquire precursor material for making an orthopaedic and dental application.
Graphic Abstract
中文翻译：
蛋壳基羟基磷灰石的抗氧化、抗菌、溶血和细胞毒作用评价
本研究侧重于用作生物医学应用的蛋壳衍生羟基磷灰石 (EHA)。通过微波辐射法制备合成的 EHA 样品，并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱和粉末 X 射线衍射分析进一步表征 EHA 的相纯度、结晶度和微晶尺寸。通过扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 观察 EHA 样品的形态，使用能量色散 X 射线光谱 (EDX) 进行元素分析，显示出自组装的花朵形状。溶血试验表明 EHA 样品可接受的相容性材料。此外，琼脂井扩散测试中，没有一个 EHA 样品显示出对致病菌株的抑制区域。此外，通过抗氧化活性研究 EHA 纳米复合材料的体外生物活性表明与抗坏血酸相比具有良好的自由基清除能力。此外，对 MC3T3 成骨细胞样细胞系进行了不同天的系统细胞毒性研究，发现 EHA 纳米复合材料改善了细胞增殖。这些结果强烈表明，开发的蛋壳衍生羟基磷灰石 (EHA) 显着改变了 MC3T3 细胞的抗氧化活性、无毒血细胞和细胞毒性。因此，获取前体材料用于制作整形外科和牙科应用可能是一种前瞻性的方法。对 MC3T3 成骨细胞样细胞系进行了不同天的系统细胞毒性研究，发现 EHA 纳米复合材料改善了细胞增殖。这些结果强烈表明，开发的蛋壳衍生羟基磷灰石 (EHA) 显着改变了 MC3T3 细胞的抗氧化活性、无毒血细胞和细胞毒性。因此，获取前体材料用于制作整形外科和牙科应用可能是一种前瞻性的方法。对 MC3T3 成骨细胞样细胞系进行了不同天的系统细胞毒性研究，发现 EHA 纳米复合材料改善了细胞增殖。这些结果强烈表明，开发的蛋壳衍生羟基磷灰石 (EHA) 显着改变了 MC3T3 细胞的抗氧化活性、无毒血细胞和细胞毒性。因此，获取前体材料用于制作整形外科和牙科应用可能是一种前瞻性的方法。
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