Sensitivity analysis (SA) can identify the most critical parameters for crop growth model output, thus helping to improve model calibration efficiency. However, when combined with different production conditions, especially adverse conditions such as water stress and fertilizer stress, parameter sensitivity remains unclear. This study (i) assessed the sensitivity of the output response of the CERES-Maize model to the input parameters, particularly the effect of water and fertilizer stress on the SA results and (ii) evaluated the model performance based on the SA results. The results indicated that water stress had a considerable effect on SA, whereas nitrogen stress had little effect on SA. P5, G3, and P2 had significant effects on yield, maximum aboveground biomass (AGB), daily AGB, daily leaf area index (LAI), and daily actual evapotranspiration (ET_c). Under water stress, soil drainage rate, soil runoff curve number, and photosynthesis factor greatly affected the output response of CERES-Maize. Compared with the calibration of maize cultivar coefficients, CERES-Maize with additional consideration of soil parameter calibration was more accurate. The model evaluation results revealed that the simulated LAI, yield, and soil water content were consistent with the actual measured values. These findings can provide a reference for the calibration of CERES-Maize model parameters under water and fertilizer stress.

敏感性分析（SA）可以识别作物生长模型输出的最关键参数，从而有助于提高模型校准效率。然而，当结合不同的生产条件，特别是水分胁迫和肥料胁迫等不利条件时，参数敏感性尚不清楚。本研究 (i) 评估了 CERES-Maize 模型的输出响应对输入参数的敏感性，特别是水肥胁迫对 SA 结果的影响，以及 (ii) 基于 SA 结果评估模型性能。结果表明，水分胁迫对SA有相当大的影响，而氮胁迫对SA的影响很小。P5、G3 和 P2 对产量、最大地上生物量 (AGB)、日 AGB、日叶面积指数 (LAI)、_c )。在水分胁迫下，土壤排水速率、土壤径流曲线数和光合作用因子对CERES-玉米的产量响应有很大影响。与玉米品种系数的校准相比，CERES-Maize 附加考虑土壤参数校准更准确。模型评价结果表明，模拟的LAI、产量和土壤含水量与实测值一致。这些研究结果可为水肥胁迫下CERES-Maize模型参数的标定提供参考。