High-performance carbon materials were prepared via a one-step molten salt carbonization of tobacco waste used as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Carbon material prepared by carbonization for 3 h in molten CaCl₂ at 850 °C exhibits hierarchically porous structure and ideal capacitive behavior. In a three-electrode configuration with 1 mol L⁻¹ H₂SO₄ aqueous solution, it delivers specific capacitance of 196.5 F g⁻¹ at 0.2 A g⁻¹, energy density of 27.2 Wh kg⁻¹ at 0.2 A g⁻¹, power density of 983.5 W kg⁻¹ at 2 A g⁻¹, and excellent cyclic stability with 94% capacitance retention after 5000 charge–discharge cycles at 1 A g⁻¹. Moreover, in a symmetrical two-electrode configuration with 6 mol L⁻¹ KOH aqueous solution, it delivers specific capacitance of 111.1 F g⁻¹ at 0.2 A g⁻¹, energy density of 3.8 Wh kg⁻¹ at 0.2 A g⁻¹, and power density of 482.0 W kg⁻¹ at 2 A g⁻¹. The relationship between hierarchically porous structure and capacitive performance is also discussed.

通过对用作超级电容器电极材料的烟草废料进行一步熔盐碳化制备了高性能碳材料。通过在 850°C 的熔融 CaCl ₂中碳化 3 小时制备的碳材料具有分层多孔结构和理想的电容行为。在与1个摩尔升的三电极配置^-1 ħ ₂ SO ₄水溶液，它提供的196.5 F G比电容^-1 0.2 A G ^-1，27.2瓦公斤的能量密度^-1在0.2 A克^-1的983.5W¯¯公斤，功率密度^-1以2A克^-1，以及优异的循环稳定性，在 1 A g ^{-1 下}5000 次充放电循环后具有 94% 的电容保持率。此外，与6摩尔升的对称双电极配置^-1 KOH水溶液，它提供的111.1 F G比电容^-1 0.2 A G ^-1，3.8瓦时公斤的能量密度^-1在0.2 A克^-1，以及 482.0 W kg ^-1在 2 A g ^{-1 时的}功率密度。还讨论了分级多孔结构与电容性能之间的关系。