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Alternative models of cancer stem cells: The stemness phenotype model, 10 years later.
World Journal of Stem Cells ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-8-10 , DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i7.934
Vivek Kaushik 1 , Yogesh Kulkarni 1 , Kumar Felix 1 , Neelam Azad 1 , Anand Krishnan V Iyer 1 , Juan Sebastian Yakisich 1
Affiliation  

The classical cancer stem cell (CSCs) theory proposed the existence of a rare but constant subpopulation of CSCs. In this model cancer cells are organized hierarchically and are responsible for tumor resistance and tumor relapse. Thus, eliminating CSCs will eventually lead to cure of cancer. This simplistic model has been challenged by experimental data. In 2010 we proposed a novel and controversial alternative model of CSC biology (the Stemness Phenotype Model, SPM). The SPM proposed a non-hierarchical model of cancer biology in which there is no specific subpopulation of CSCs in tumors. Instead, cancer cells are highly plastic in term of stemness and CSCs and non-CSCs can interconvert into each other depending on the microenvironment. This model predicts the existence of cancer cells ranging from a pure CSC phenotype to pure non-CSC phenotype and that survival of a single cell can originate a new tumor. During the past 10 years, a plethora of experimental evidence in a variety of cancer types has shown that cancer cells are indeed extremely plastic and able to interconvert into cells with different stemness phenotype. In this review we will (1) briefly describe the cumulative evidence from our laboratory and others supporting the SPM; (2) the implications of the SPM in translational oncology; and (3) discuss potential strategies to develop more effective therapeutic regimens for cancer treatment.

中文翻译:

癌症干细胞的替代模型:干性表型模型,10 年后。

经典的癌症干细胞 (CSCs) 理论提出存在一个罕见但恒定的 CSCs 亚群。在该模型中,癌细胞按等级组织,并负责肿瘤抵抗和肿瘤复发。因此,消除 CSC 将最终导致癌症的治愈。这种简单的模型受到了实验数据的挑战。2010 年,我们提出了一种新颖且有争议的 CSC 生物学替代模型(Stemness 表型模型,SPM)。SPM 提出了一种非分级的癌症生物学模型,其中肿瘤中没有特定的 CSC 亚群。相反,癌细胞在干性方面具有高度可塑性,CSC 和非 CSC 可以根据微环境相互转化。该模型预测存在从纯 CSC 表型到纯非 CSC 表型的癌细胞,并且单个细胞的存活可以产生新的肿瘤。在过去的 10 年中,大量针对各种癌症类型的实验证据表明,癌细胞确实具有极强的可塑性,并且能够相互转化为具有不同干性表型的细胞。在这篇综述中,我们将 (1) 简要描述来自我们实验室和其他支持 SPM 的实验室的累积证据;(2) SPM 在转化肿瘤学中的意义;(3) 讨论开发更有效的癌症治疗方案的潜在策略。多种癌症类型的大量实验证据表明,癌细胞确实具有极强的可塑性,能够相互转化为具有不同干性表型的细胞。在这篇综述中,我们将 (1) 简要描述来自我们实验室和其他支持 SPM 的实验室的累积证据;(2) SPM 在转化肿瘤学中的意义;(3) 讨论开发更有效的癌症治疗方案的潜在策略。多种癌症类型的大量实验证据表明,癌细胞确实具有极强的可塑性,能够相互转化为具有不同干性表型的细胞。在这篇综述中,我们将 (1) 简要描述来自我们实验室和其他支持 SPM 的实验室的累积证据;(2) SPM 在转化肿瘤学中的意义;(3) 讨论开发更有效的癌症治疗方案的潜在策略。
更新日期:2021-08-10
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