Heart Failure Reviews ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10144-3 Thiagarajan Hemalatha 1 , Mayilvahanan Aarthy 1 , Suryalakshmi Pandurangan 1 , Numbi Ramudu Kamini 1 , Niraikulam Ayyadurai 1
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Myocardial infarction (MI) occurs due to the obstruction of coronary arteries, a major crux that restricts blood flow and thereby oxygen to the distal part of the myocardium, leading to loss of cardiomyocytes and eventually, if left untreated, leads to heart failure. MI, a potent cardiovascular disorder, requires intense therapeutic interventions and thereby presents towering challenges. Despite the concerted efforts, the treatment strategies for MI are still demanding, which has paved the way for the genesis of biomaterial applications. Biomaterials exhibit immense potentials for cardiac repair and regeneration, wherein they act as extracellular matrix replacing scaffolds or as delivery vehicles for stem cells, protein, plasmids, etc. This review concentrates on natural, synthetic, and hybrid biomaterials; their function; and interaction with the body, mechanisms of repair by which they are able to improve cardiac function in a MI milieu. We also provide focus on future perspectives that need attention. The cognizance provided by the research results certainly indicates that biomaterials could revolutionize the treatment paradigms for MI with a positive impact on clinical translation.
Graphical abstract
中文翻译：
深入探讨生物材料在梗塞心肌中的织补效应：当前进展和未来展望
心肌梗塞 (MI) 是由于冠状动脉阻塞而发生的，冠状动脉是限制血流和氧气流向心肌远端的主要症结，导致心肌细胞丢失，如果不及时治疗，最终会导致心力衰竭。MI 是一种强效心血管疾病，需要强烈的治疗干预，因此提出了巨大的挑战。尽管齐心协力，但 MI 的治疗策略仍然要求很高，这为生物材料应用的起源铺平了道路。生物材料在心脏修复和再生方面表现出巨大的潜力，它们可以作为细胞外基质替代支架或作为干细胞、蛋白质、质粒等的传递载体。这篇综述集中在天然、合成和混合生物材料；它们的功能；以及与身体的相互作用，修复机制，它们能够改善 MI 环境中的心脏功能。我们还关注需要关注的未来观点。研究结果提供的认识无疑表明，生物材料可以彻底改变 MI 的治疗模式，并对临床转化产生积极影响。
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