The current study was conducted to evaluate the antiproliferative and oxidative damage protection potential of endophytic fungi Aspergillus fumigatus and Chaetomium globosum isolated from Moringa oleifera. The chloroformic extract (CE) of both the fungi showed dose dependent antiproliferative activity against human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3) cell line with (IC₅₀) value of 0.055 mg/ml and 0.008 mg/ml, respectively. Further, CE of both the fungi was studied for their ability to induce apoptosis in PC-3 cell line. Various deformities in the cancerous cells treated with CE of both the fungi have been observed by confocal microscopy which indicates the cell death by apoptosis. Further apoptosis inducing ability of CE of both the fungi was observed using various flow cytometric studies. The chloroformic extract of both the fungi showed slight increase in the level of reactive oxygen species to induce apoptosis. It also showed arrest of cancerous cells at G0/G1 phase of cell cycle to induce apoptosis. The externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) to induce apoptosis was also observed when analysed using Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay where the CE of A. fumigatus and C. globosum showed the total apoptosis of 94.2% and 90.3%, respectively, at the highest tested concentration of GI₇₀. The CE of both the fungi further showed the protective behaviour for plasmid DNA pBR322, when tested for their effect against the oxidative stress caused by the Fenton’s reagent. Thus, the studies demonstrated a good antiproliferative and oxidative damage protection potential of the endophytic fungi.

本研究旨在评估从辣木中分离出的内生真菌烟曲霉和球毛壳菌的抗增殖和氧化损伤保护潜力。两种真菌的氯仿提取物 (CE) 对人前列腺癌 (PC-3) 细胞系具有剂量依赖性抗增殖活性，具有 (IC ₅₀) 值分别为 0.055 mg/ml 和 0.008 mg/ml。此外，研究了两种真菌的 CE 诱导 PC-3 细胞系凋亡的能力。通过共聚焦显微镜观察到用两种真菌的 CE 处理的癌细胞中的各种畸形，这表明细胞凋亡导致细胞死亡。使用各种流式细胞术研究观察到两种真菌的 CE 的进一步凋亡诱导能力。两种真菌的氯仿提取物均显示活性氧水平略有增加，以诱导细胞凋亡。它还显示癌细胞在细胞周期的 G0/G1 期停滞以诱导细胞凋亡。当使用膜联蛋白 V-FITC/PI 双染色测定法分析时，也观察到磷脂酰丝氨酸 (PS) 外化以诱导细胞凋亡，其中烟曲霉的 CE_{在 GI 70}的最高测试浓度下，C. globosum和C. globosum的总细胞凋亡率分别为 94.2% 和 90.3% 。当测试它们对芬顿试剂引起的氧化应激的影响时，两种真菌的 CE 进一步显示出对质粒 DNA pBR322 的保护行为。因此，研究表明内生真菌具有良好的抗增殖和氧化损伤保护潜力。