In this study, a comparative study of polymeric (Xanthan Gum, XG and polyacrylamide, PAM) clay nanofluids has been explored for increasing CO₂ retention and storage efficacy in a synthesized porous media prepared using sand grains of uniform size (200–380 µm). The clay nanofluids were extensively characterized to establish the average particle size of suspended NP clusters (with and without 4 wt% sodium chloride, NaCl) and viscosity at test temperatures (30–90 °C). The inclusion of salt promoted rapid agglomeration of NPs leading to the formation of large size NP clusters of size 1124–1480 nm (an increase in 3–fourfold). Nanofluids exhibited shear-thinning nature while increasing NP concentration caused an increase in nanofluid viscosity. The carbon retention studies were performed in sand-packs by injecting gas slug behind water and nanofluid to establish the duration of time to breakthrough and the amount of carbon retained before breakthrough. Since the gas injection rate was 1 ml/min, the time to breakthrough also denotes the amount of gas retained inside the sand-pack (before breakthrough). With both polymers (PAM and XG), viscous fingering with insufficient CO₂ storage (42–44 ml) was observed. However, clay nanofluids suggested higher volume of CO₂ storage (63–101 ml) in porous media.

在本研究中，对聚合物（黄原胶、XG 和聚丙烯酰胺、PAM）粘土纳米流体进行了比较研究，以增加 CO ₂使用均匀尺寸 (200–380 µm) 的砂粒制备的合成多孔介质中的保留和储存效率。粘土纳米流体被广泛表征，以确定悬浮 NP 簇的平均粒径（含和不含 4 wt% 氯化钠，NaCl）和测试温度（30-90°C）下的粘度。盐的加入促进了 NPs 的快速团聚，从而形成了 1124-1480 nm 的大尺寸 NP 簇（增加了 3-4 倍）。纳米流体表现出剪切稀化性质，而增加 NP 浓度会导致纳米流体粘度增加。通过在水和纳米流体后面注入气体段塞，在沙堆中进行碳保留研究，以确定突破的持续时间和突破前保留的碳量。由于注气速率为 1 毫升/分钟，突破时间也表示保留在砂层内的气体量（突破前）。对于两种聚合物（PAM 和 XG），CO 不足的粘性指法观察到_{2 个}储存（42-44 毫升）。然而，粘土纳米流体表明多孔介质中的 CO ₂存储量更高（63-101 毫升）。