The current study was aimed to solve the problem of browning in Iranian seedless barberry in vitro culture by using a variety of different approaches. As such, several experiments were carried out. The results revealed that addition of 225 mg/l citric acid + 50 mg/l ascorbic acid could alleviate phenol browning compared to control. Presoaking of explants in 300 mg/l citric acid solution for 30 min and culturing them in media containing 225 mg/l citric acid could further reduce browning rate. Results related to the effect of sampling time indicated that explants cut off in April showed the lowest browning rate and those cut off in January, February and March showed the highest browning rate. Effects of conditions related to stock plant were also investigated, and the results displayed that explants harvested from upper position of current-year shoot and sucker showed the lowest browning rates, respectively, while those collected from lower position of one- and two-year old shoots exhibited the highest browning rate, respectively. Data obtained from shoot color and diameter also demonstrated that explants taken from pinkish-colored shoots with small diameter showed the lowest browning rate and those collected from dark brown-colored shoots with large and very large diameter contained the highest browning rates. Use of 8‑hydroxyquinoline and Fe-EDDHA for reduction of browning was investigated for the first time, and interestingly the results showed that both compounds, in particular 8‑hydroxyquinoline, caused a significant reduction in phenol exudation. More interestingly, they could cause a significant increase in bud break rate. Furthermore, phenol exudation and peroxidase activity in treatments supplemented with 8‑hydroxyquinoline and Fe-EDDHA were lower than those in treatments containing antioxidants.

目前的研究旨在解决伊朗无核小檗体外褐变问题通过使用各种不同的方法来培养文化。因此，进行了多次实验。结果表明，与对照相比，添加 225 mg/l 柠檬酸 + 50 mg/l 抗坏血酸可以减轻苯酚褐变。将外植体在 300 mg/l 柠檬酸溶液中预浸 30 分钟，然后在含有 225 mg/l 柠檬酸的培养基中培养，可以进一步降低褐变率。与采样时间影响相关的结果表明，4 月份截取的外植体褐变率最低，1、2 和 3 月截取的外植体褐变率最高。还研究了与原株有关的条件的影响，结果表明，从当年枝条和吸盘上部收获的外植体分别表现出最低的褐变率，而从 1 年和 2 年生枝条较低位置收集的那些分别表现出最高的褐变率。从芽颜色和直径获得的数据还表明，取自粉红色小直径芽的外植体褐变率最低，而取自大直径和非常大直径的深棕色芽的外植体褐化率最高。首次研究了使用 8-羟基喹啉和 Fe-EDDHA 减少褐变，有趣的是，结果表明这两种化合物，尤其是 8-羟基喹啉，显着减少了苯酚渗出。更有趣的是，它们可能会导致萌芽率显着增加。此外，