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Biodiversity and biogeography of hydroids across marine ecoregions and provinces of southern South America and Antarctica
Polar Biology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-25 , DOI: 10.1007/s00300-021-02909-1
Thaís P. Miranda , Marina O. Fernandez , Gabriel N. Genzano , Álvaro L. Peña Cantero , Allen G. Collins , Antonio C. Marques

To better understand the biodiversity-biogeographic polar connections between southern South America and Antarctica (SSA & A), we used benthic communities of hydroids as a model to investigate marine assemblages by evaluating classic spatial divisions at different geographical resolutions. Using a georeferenced dataset of 249 species and multivariate analyses, we investigated species’ distribution, composition and biogeographic connectivity, and defined assemblages of ecoregions and provinces for the area. Hotspots of rich biodiversity at risk of depletion were defined. Analyses of ecoregions have a more stratified biogeographic structure, and reveal critical regions susceptible to loss of diversity. Analyses of provinces show a clear division between Atlantic-Pacific and Antarctic-Subantartic assemblages, with high biogeographic isolation of the Subantarctic islands. Depending on spatial resolution, the biogeographic position of the Magellan area is spatially contradictory, clustering on the one hand with SSA ecoregions and on the other with Antarctic provinces. Our patterns appear to be driven by different combinations of processes and barriers, reflected in the stratified distribution of hydroids. The high level of endemism and concentration of species at the edge of distribution in the Magellan area and Scotia Arc suggest their transitional nature and particular importance for understanding the historical and ecological connections between SSA & A.



中文翻译:

海洋生态区和南美洲南部和南极洲各省水螅的生物多样性和生物地理学

为了更好地了解南美洲南部和南极洲 (SSA & A) 之间的生物多样性-生物地理极地联系,我们使用水螅的底栖群落作为模型,通过评估不同地理分辨率下的经典空间划分来研究海洋组合。使用包含 249 个物种的地理参考数据集和多变量分析,我们调查了物种的分布、组成和生物地理连通性,并定义了该地区的生态区和省份组合。确定了面临枯竭风险的丰富生物多样性热点。对生态区的分析具有更加分层的生物地理结构,并揭示了容易丧失多样性的关键区域。对省份的分析显示大西洋-太平洋和南极-亚南极组合之间存在明显区别,与亚南极岛屿的高度生物地理隔离。根据空间分辨率,麦哲伦地区的生物地理位置在空间上是矛盾的,一方面与 SSA 生态区聚集,另一方面与南极省份聚集。我们的模式似乎是由不同的过程和障碍组合驱动的,这反映在 Hydroids 的分层分布中。麦哲伦地区和斯科舍弧分布边缘物种的高度特有性和集中性表明它们的过渡性质和对理解 SSA 和 A 之间的历史和生态联系特别重要。一方面与 SSA 生态区聚集,另一方面与南极省份聚集。我们的模式似乎是由不同的过程和障碍组合驱动的,这反映在 Hydroids 的分层分布中。麦哲伦地区和斯科舍弧分布边缘物种的高度特有性和集中性表明它们的过渡性质和对理解 SSA 和 A 之间的历史和生态联系特别重要。一方面与 SSA 生态区聚集,另一方面与南极省份聚集。我们的模式似乎是由不同的过程和障碍组合驱动的,这反映在 Hydroids 的分层分布中。麦哲伦地区和斯科舍弧分布边缘物种的高度特有性和集中性表明它们的过渡性质和对理解 SSA 和 A 之间的历史和生态联系特别重要。

更新日期:2021-07-20
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