Increased demands for water affect its quality and availability and threaten biodiversity. In freshwaters, the Chironomidae (Diptera) represents ~ 50% of macroinvertebrate individuals and have great potential to improve ecological assessment tools. Incorporating trait-based approaches in those tools can further improve how we assess the effects of human disturbances on aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages. Given that chironomid genera have different degrees of sensitivity to anthropogenic disturbances, we expected that composition, structure and functional characteristics of chironomid genera would be negatively affected by anthropogenic disturbances in a neotropical savanna river basin. We used nine traits in 32 categories related to Chironomidae functional roles. Out of 6147 individuals distributed in three subfamilies, we identified 52 chironomid genera collected from 30 randomly selected stream sites. The index of functional divergence was lower in places with greater anthropogenic disturbance of riparian vegetation. A RLQ matrix analysis revealed a significant relationship between genera abundance and environmental variables as well as with biological traits. We observed a positive relationship between Tanypodinae, which are mainly engulfer predators, with average embeddedness, % sand and catchment pasture. Three Chironomidae genera (Stenochironomus, Endotribelos and Beardius) were positively related to miner habit, herbivore feeding strategy and larger body size. We found that physical habitat structure and food resources were the most important factors structuring Chironomidae assemblages in the study sites and that chironomid genera were effective for assessing basin ecological status.

对水的需求增加会影响其质量和可用性，并威胁到生物多样性。在淡水中，摇蚊科（双翅目）约占大型无脊椎动物个体的 50%，具有改进生态评估工具的巨大潜力。在这些工具中结合基于特征的方法可以进一步改善我们评估人类干扰对水生大型无脊椎动物组合的影响的方式。鉴于摇蚊属对人为干扰具有不同程度的敏感性，我们预计摇蚊属的组成、结构和功能特征将受到新热带稀树草原河流域人为干扰的负面影响。我们使用了与摇蚊科功能角色相关的 32 个类别中的 9 个特征。在分布在三个亚科的 6147 个人中，我们确定了从 30 个随机选择的河流站点收集的 52 个摇蚊属。河岸植被人为干扰较大的地方功能差异指数较低。RLQ 矩阵分析揭示了属丰度与环境变量以及生物学特性之间的显着关系。我们观察到 Tanypodinae 之间的正相关关系，它们主要是吞食性捕食者，平均嵌入度、沙子百分比和集水牧场。摇蚊科三个属（我们观察到 Tanypodinae 之间的正相关关系，它们主要是吞食性捕食者，具有平均嵌入度、沙子百分比和集水牧场。摇蚊科三个属（我们观察到 Tanypodinae 之间的正相关关系，它们主要是吞食性捕食者，平均嵌入度、沙子百分比和集水牧场。摇蚊科三个属（Stenochironomus、Endotribelos和Beardius）与矿工习惯、食草动物的摄食策略和较大的体型呈正相关。我们发现物理栖息地结构和食物资源是构成研究地点摇蚊科组合的最重要因素，摇蚊属可有效评估流域生态状况。