Here, using viral metagenomics combined with conventional PCR, the complete genome sequence of a novel anellovirus (named anel-ch-zj and GenBank no. MT157223) from nasopharynx secretion specimens from hospitalized neonates was determined, and the deduced amino acid sequence of its ODF1 protein was found to be only 33.19%-39.33% identical to those of related anelloviruses with sequences available in the GenBank database, suggesting that it represents a putative new genus within the family Anelloviridae. PCR screening of 135 samples (including 45 nasopharynx secretion, 45 blood, and 45 fecal specimens collected from 45 individual hospitalized neonates) indicated that two nasopharynx secretion, two blood, and four fecal samples were positive for anel-ch-zj. Further PCR screening of 50 blood samples, 115 fecal samples, and 396 nasopharynx secretions collected from hospitalized children 1-5 years old did not yield any positive results. Whether this novel anellovirus detected in neonates is associated with specific diseases needs future investigation.

在这里，使用病毒宏基因组学结合常规PCR，确定了来自住院新生儿鼻咽分泌物标本的新型指环病毒（命名为anel-ch-zj，GenBank no. MT157223）的完整基因组序列，并推导出其ODF1的氨基酸序列发现蛋白质与具有在 GenBank 数据库中可用序列的相关指环病毒的蛋白质仅 33.19%-39.33% 相同，这表明它代表了指环病毒科中的一个推定的新属. 对135份样本（包括45例住院新生儿的45份鼻咽分泌物、45份血液和45份粪便标本）进行PCR筛查，发现2份鼻咽分泌物、2份血液和4份粪便样本为anel-ch-zj阳性。对 1-5 岁住院儿童采集的 50 份血液样本、115 份粪便样本和 396 份鼻咽分泌物进行进一步 PCR 筛查，未产生任何阳性结果。在新生儿中检测到的这种新型指环病毒是否与特定疾病有关，需要进一步调查。