Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease. A WHO report from 2016 indicates that 422 million people worldwide suffer from DM or hyperglycaemia because of impaired glucose metabolism. Chronic hyperglycaemia leads to micro- and macrovessel damage, which may result in life-threatening complications. The Wnt pathway regulates cell proliferation and survival by modulating the expression of genes that control cell differentiation. Three linked Wnt pathways have been discovered thus far: a β-catenin-dependent pathway and two pathways independent of β-catenin – the planar cell polarity pathway and calcium-dependent pathway. The Wnt pathway regulates genes associated with inflammation, cell cycle, angiogenesis, fibrinolysis and other molecular processes. Areas covered This review presents the current state of knowledge regarding the contribution of the Wnt pathway to endothelial ageing under hyperglycaemic conditions and provides new insights into the molecular basis of diabetic endothelial dysfunction. Conclusion The β-catenin-dependent pathway is a potential target in the prophylaxis and treatment of early-stage diabetes-related vascular complications. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely undetermined and require further investigation.

中文翻译：

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Wnt 信号通路在高血糖引起的内皮疾病发展中的作用

简介 糖尿病 (DM) 是最常见的代谢性疾病。世界卫生组织 2016 年的一份报告表明，全世界有 4.22 亿人因葡萄糖代谢受损而患有糖尿病或高血糖症。慢性高血糖会导致微血管和大血管损伤，这可能会导致危及生命的并发症。Wnt通路通过调节控制细胞分化的基因的表达来调节细胞增殖和存活。迄今为止，已经发现了三个相互关联的 Wnt 通路：β-连环蛋白依赖途径和两条独立途径β-连环蛋白——平面细胞极性通路和钙依赖通路。Wnt 通路调节与炎症、细胞周期、血管生成、纤维蛋白溶解和其他分子过程相关的基因。涵盖的领域 本综述介绍了关于 Wnt 通路在高血糖条件下对内皮衰老的贡献的当前知识状态，并为糖尿病内皮功能障碍的分子基础提供了新的见解。结论β-连环蛋白依赖性途径是预防和治疗早期糖尿病相关血管并发症的潜在靶点。然而，潜在的分子机制在很大程度上仍未确定，需要进一步研究。