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Role of the Wnt signalling pathway in the development of endothelial disorders in response to hyperglycaemia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 December 2019

Martyna Durak-Kozica Open the ORCID record for Martyna Durak-Kozica [Opens in a new window] ,
Elżbieta Paszek  and
Ewa Ł Stępień
Martyna Durak-Kozica*
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Physics, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
Elżbieta Paszek
Affiliation:
Clinical Department of Interventional Cardiology, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
Ewa Ł Stępień
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Physics, Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
*
Author for correspondence: Martyna Durak-Kozica, E-mail: martyna.durak@doctoral.uj.edu.pl
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Abstract

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease. A WHO report from 2016 indicates that 422 million people worldwide suffer from DM or hyperglycaemia because of impaired glucose metabolism. Chronic hyperglycaemia leads to micro- and macrovessel damage, which may result in life-threatening complications. The Wnt pathway regulates cell proliferation and survival by modulating the expression of genes that control cell differentiation. Three linked Wnt pathways have been discovered thus far: a β-catenin-dependent pathway and two pathways independent of β-catenin – the planar cell polarity pathway and calcium-dependent pathway. The Wnt pathway regulates genes associated with inflammation, cell cycle, angiogenesis, fibrinolysis and other molecular processes.

Areas covered

This review presents the current state of knowledge regarding the contribution of the Wnt pathway to endothelial ageing under hyperglycaemic conditions and provides new insights into the molecular basis of diabetic endothelial dysfunction.

Conclusion

The β-catenin-dependent pathway is a potential target in the prophylaxis and treatment of early-stage diabetes-related vascular complications. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely undetermined and require further investigation.

Keywords

Endothelial cellshyperglycaemiaWnt pathway
Type
Unsolicited Review
Information
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine , Volume 21 , 2019 , e7
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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