Abstract

This study reports the preparation and performance of a smart material—a carbon paste electrode combined with TiO₂ semiconductor (CPE/TiO₂) as electrochemical sensor for detecting profenofos—a toxic organophosphates group insecticide widely used in agriculture. Such techniques as real samples tests and electrochemical tests were used to investigate the following parameters: a scan rate, an electrode response, a limit of detection (LoD), and repeatability. Based on the obtained results, the best mass composition of TiO₂ combined with CPE was found to be in a ratio of 1 : 1 : 5, with an anodic peak current (I_pa) of 150 μA, an anodic peak potential (E_pa) of 0.87 V, and an optimal scan rate measurement of 0.5 V s^–1. The LoD based on a linearity curve with a value of 4.0 × 10^–5 μM was also observed, and a repeatability test against the working electrode was performed until the 30th day, using the Horwitz ratio of 0.16. A good electrochemical performance of the working electrode tested against a real sample showed the specifically detected profenofos with I_pa value of 7.0 × 10^–5 μM.

中文翻译：

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碳糊电极/TiO2纳米复合材料作为电化学传感器检测苯丙磷农药的研究

摘要

本研究报告了一种智能材料的制备和性能——碳糊电极与 TiO ₂半导体 (CPE/TiO ₂ ) 结合作为电化学传感器用于检测 profenofos——一种广泛用于农业的有毒有机磷类杀虫剂。使用真实样品测试和电化学测试等技术来研究以下参数：扫描速率、电极响应、检测限 (LoD) 和可重复性。根据所得结果，发现TiO ₂与CPE 结合的最佳质量组成为1 : 1 : 5，阳极峰值电流（I _pa）为150 μA，阳极峰值电位（E _pa) 为 0.87 V，最佳扫描速率测量值为 0.5 V s ^–1。还观察到基于线性曲线的 LoD，值为 4.0 × 10 ^–5 μM，并使用 0.16 的 Horwitz 比对工作电极进行了重复性测试，直到第 30 天。对真实样品测试的工作电极的良好电化学性能表明，特异性检测到的丙磺磷具有7.0 × 10 ^–5 μM 的I _pa值。