Abstract

On the basis of the principle of the minimal energy dissipation rate in nonequilibrium processes, the characteristic sizes, charges, and values of the Rayleigh parameter of progeny droplets formed at realization of electrostatic instability of the parent drop suspended in a thunderstorm cloud under dynamic conditions of a superposition of aerodynamic, electrostatic, and gravitational fields are calculated. It is found that there is a number of differences in comparison with the same characteristics of disintegration of the charged drop unstable in relation to its own charge in a model situation of a motionless drop: in the quantity of the emitted progeny droplets, in their sizes and charges, and in the trend for variation of all parameters with an increase in the serial number of the progeny droplet. It is found that these droplets are initially unstable in relation to their electric charge and that the degree of their instability grows with an increase in the serial number.

中文翻译：

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悬浮在静电场、重力场和空气动力场叠加中的带电液滴的静电分解参数

摘要

根据非平衡过程中能量耗散率最小原理，在动态条件下悬浮在雷暴云中的母滴实现静电不稳定性时形成的子滴的特征尺寸、电荷和瑞利参数值计算空气动力场、静电场和重力场的叠加。发现在静止液滴的模型情况下，与相对于其自身电荷不稳定的带电液滴的崩解的相同特征相比，存在许多差异：在发射的后代液滴的数量方面，在它们的大小方面和电荷，并且随着后代液滴的序列号的增加，所有参数都有变化的趋势。