Scientists have developed and deployed successive generations of genome engineering technologies for use in plants, including meganucleases, zinc finger nucleases, TAL effector nucleases, and CRISPR nucleases. Each of these tools has been hailed as potentially revolutionary, capable of providing more efficient and precise ways to modify plant genomes toward improving agronomic traits or making fundamental discoveries. The CRISPR nucleases, in particular, have accelerated the pace of innovation and expanded the boundaries of what is achievable within the plant research space. This review will take care to discuss current plant genome engineering technologies, covering both well-established and up-and-coming tools, as well as describe potential and real-world applications.

科学家已经开发并部署了用于植物的连续几代基因组工程技术，包括大范围核酸酶、锌指核酸酶、TAL 效应核酸酶和 CRISPR 核酸酶。这些工具中的每一个都被誉为具有潜在革命性的工具，能够提供更有效和更精确的方法来修改植物基因组，以改善农艺性状或进行基本发现。特别是 CRISPR 核酸酶加快了创新步伐，扩大了植物研究领域的可实现范围。本综述将仔细讨论当前的植物基因组工程技术，涵盖成熟和新兴的工具，并描述潜在和现实世界的应用。