Abstract Loess areas used for agriculture are susceptible to soil erosion. The intensive process of soil erosion in Polish loess areas began with the onset of the Neolithic and has continued intermittently until today. This work presents the results of soil erosion from simultaneous use of the 137Cs and 210Pbex methods on an agricultural field located on loess slope. Moreover, to establish the age of accumulated sediment connected with water slope erosion, OSL dating, selected physicochemical and micromorphological analyses were applied. The reference values of the 137Cs and 210Pbex fallout for the studied site (Biedrzykowice, the Proszowice Plateau, Małopolska Upland) equal 2627 (45% connected with Chernobyl) and 4835 Bq·m–2, respectively. The results of the 137Cs and 210Pbex inventories measured for the agricultural field range from 730 to 7911 and from 1615 to 11136 Bq·m–2, respectively. The mean soil erosion is about 2.1 kg·m–2·a–1 (about 1.4 mm·a–1). The accumulation of the colluvial sediments started in the Neolithic and drastically increased in the Middle Ages. The examined gully catchment in Biedrzykowice has probably developed quite rapidly as a result of increased erosion. This resulted in the abandonment of this area as farmland and, consequently, in the minimization of water erosion on the slope due to the entrance of woody vegetation in this area. Erosion processes were highly intensified during the last 70 years as a result of deforestation after World War II and intensive agricultural reuse of this area after a break, as indicated by isotope measurements and dendrochronology.

中文翻译：

---

使用 OSL、137Cs、210Pbex、树木年代学和微形态学解释波兰黄土地区的土壤侵蚀——案例研究：Biedrzykowice 站点（s 波兰）

摘要 用于农业的黄土区易受水土流失的影响。波兰黄土地区土壤侵蚀的密集过程始于新石器时代，并断断续续地持续到今天。这项工作展示了在位于黄土斜坡的农田上同时使用 137Cs 和 210Pbex 方法的土壤侵蚀结果。此外，为了确定与水坡侵蚀相关的沉积物年龄，应用了 OSL 测年、选定的物理化学和微形态分析。研究地点（Biedrzykowice、Proszowice 高原、Małopolska Upland）的 137Cs 和 210Pbex 沉降物的参考值分别等于 2627（45% 与切尔诺贝利有关）和 4835 Bq·m-2。为农田测量的 137Cs 和 210Pbex 清单的结果分别为 730 至 7911 和 1615 至 11136 Bq·m-2。平均土壤侵蚀量约为 2.1 kg·m-2·a-1（约 1.4 mm·a-1）。崩积沉积物的积累始于新石器时代，并在中世纪急剧增加。由于侵蚀加剧，Biedrzykowice 的被检查的沟渠流域可能发展得相当快。这导致该地区被废弃为农田，因此，由于该地区木本植被的进入，斜坡上的水蚀最小化。在过去的 70 年里，由于二战后的森林砍伐以及该地区在休息后对农业的密集再利用，侵蚀过程高度加剧