Objectives

Research has demonstrated that excessive stress reactivity responses are associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and psychopathology. Thus, it is important to identify potential protective factors, such as trait mindfulness or trait self-compassion, that may buffer against excessive stress reactivity.

Methods

Undergraduate college students (n = 137) completed online self-report measures related to trait mindfulness and trait self-compassion, overall stress reactivity, and several subtypes of stress reactivity (i.e., prolonged reactivity, reactivity to work overload, reactivity to social evaluation, reactivity to social conflict, and reactivity to failure). Multiple regressions were employed with overall stress reactivity and subtypes of stress reactivity as the outcome variables.

Results

After controlling for gender and state stress, self-compassion was significantly negatively associated with perceived stress reactivity (ΔR² = .12), as was mindfulness (ΔR² = .04). Post hoc analyses also demonstrated that self-compassion accounted for significant variance across all but one type of stress reactivity, and it accounted for more variance than mindfulness for most stress reactivity types. Gender emerged as a significant moderator of the association between self-compassion and reactivity to social evaluation, such that the negative association between self-compassion and reactivity to social evaluation was stronger for women than for men.

Conclusions

Results warrant future investigations into whether self-compassion interventions can reduce stress reactivity, particularly since existing research demonstrates that self-compassion can be cultivated and thus is modifiable.

中文翻译：

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正念、自我同情和感知压力反应之间关联的性别差异

目标

研究表明，过度的压力反应与心血管疾病和精神病理学的发展有关。因此，重要的是要确定潜在的保护因素，例如特质正念或特质自我同情，它们可以缓冲过度的压力反应。

方法

本科生 ( n  = 137) 完成了与特质正念和特质自我同情、整体压力反应和几种压力反应亚型（即，长时间反应、对工作超负荷的反应、对社会评价的反应、对社会冲突的反应，以及对失败的反应）。采用多元回归，将整体压力反应性和压力反应性亚型作为结果变量。

结果

控制性别和状态压力后，自我同情与感知压力反应显着负相关 (Δ R ²  = .12)，正念 (Δ R ²  = .04) 也是如此。事后分析还表明，除了一种类型的压力反应之外，自我同情对所有类型的压力反应都有显着的差异，并且对于大多数压力反应类型，它比正念解释了更多的差异。性别成为自我同情和社会评价反应之间关联的重要调节因素，因此女性的自我同情和社会评价反应之间的负相关性强于男性。

结论

结果值得进一步研究自我同情干预是否可以减少压力反应，特别是因为现有研究表明自我同情是可以培养的，因此是可以改变的。