Abstract
Objectives
Research has demonstrated that excessive stress reactivity responses are associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and psychopathology. Thus, it is important to identify potential protective factors, such as trait mindfulness or trait self-compassion, that may buffer against excessive stress reactivity.
Methods
Undergraduate college students (n = 137) completed online self-report measures related to trait mindfulness and trait self-compassion, overall stress reactivity, and several subtypes of stress reactivity (i.e., prolonged reactivity, reactivity to work overload, reactivity to social evaluation, reactivity to social conflict, and reactivity to failure). Multiple regressions were employed with overall stress reactivity and subtypes of stress reactivity as the outcome variables.
Results
After controlling for gender and state stress, self-compassion was significantly negatively associated with perceived stress reactivity (ΔR2 = .12), as was mindfulness (ΔR2 = .04). Post hoc analyses also demonstrated that self-compassion accounted for significant variance across all but one type of stress reactivity, and it accounted for more variance than mindfulness for most stress reactivity types. Gender emerged as a significant moderator of the association between self-compassion and reactivity to social evaluation, such that the negative association between self-compassion and reactivity to social evaluation was stronger for women than for men.
Conclusions
Results warrant future investigations into whether self-compassion interventions can reduce stress reactivity, particularly since existing research demonstrates that self-compassion can be cultivated and thus is modifiable.
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Data Availability
All data are available at Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/28dp3/).
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ECH designed and executed the study, analyzed the data, and wrote the first draft of the paper. JRS collaborated in the writing and editing of the final manuscript. JCF collaborated in the writing and editing of the final manuscript.
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Helminen, E.C., Scheer, J.R. & Felver, J.C. Gender Differences in the Associations Between Mindfulness, Self-Compassion, and Perceived Stress Reactivity. Mindfulness 12, 2173–2183 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-021-01672-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-021-01672-y