Whether deep sedation with intravenous anesthesia will affect the recurrence after cryoballoon ablation (CBA) of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) is yet to be examined. Thus, in this study, we hypothesize that there is difference in terms of the recurrence between local anesthesia and deep sedation with intravenous anesthesia after an index ablation procedure.

In total, 109 patients were enrolled and received CBA, of which 68 (58.2 years) patients underwent pulmonary vein (PV) isolation with a local anesthesia (group 1) and 41 patients (63.2 years) underwent PV isolation with deep sedation using intravenous anesthesia (group 2).

During the index procedure, isolation of all major PVs was achieved in 66 patients in group 1 and in 41 patients in group 2. There was no difference in non-PV triggers between the two groups. The periprocedural complication was found to be similar between the two groups (2.9% in group 1 and 4.9% in group 2). Further, 17 patients in group 1 and 4 patients in group 2 experienced recurrences after a follow-up of 19.3 months (P = 0.019). Repeat procedures revealed similar PV reconnection rates between the two groups. It has also been noted that the number of reconnected PV and incidence of atypical flutter seem to increase in group 1.

Deep sedation with intravenous anesthesia during CBA for paroxysmal AF is safe and had a better long-term outcome than those with local anesthesia.

静脉麻醉深度镇静是否会影响阵发性房颤（AF）冷冻球囊消融（CBA）后的复发尚待研究。因此，在本研究中，我们假设局部麻醉和静脉麻醉深度镇静在指数消融手术后的复发率存在差异。

总共有 109 名患者被纳入并接受了 CBA，其中 68 名（58.2 岁）患者接受了局部麻醉的肺静脉（PV）隔离（第 1 组）和 41 名患者（63.2 岁）接受了使用静脉麻醉进行深度镇静的肺静脉隔离（第 2 组）。

在索引过程中，第 1 组 66 名患者和第 2 组 41 名患者实现了所有主要 PV 的隔离。两组之间的非 PV 触发因素没有差异。发现两组的围手术期并发症相似（第 1 组为 2.9%，第 2 组为 4.9%）。此外，第 1 组的 17 名患者和第 2 组的 4 名患者在 19.3 个月的随访后出现复发（P = 0.019）。重复程序显示两组之间的 PV 重新连接率相似。还注意到，重新连接的 PV 数量和非典型扑动的发生率似乎在第 1 组中有所增加。

阵发性 AF 的 CBA 期间静脉麻醉深度镇静是安全的，并且比局部麻醉具有更好的长期结果。