The diversity of anaerobic microorganisms in terrestrial mud volcanoes is largely unexplored. Here we report the isolation of a novel sulfate-reducing alkaliphilic bacterium (strain F-1^T) from a terrestrial mud volcano located at the Taman peninsula, Russia. Cells of strain F-1^T were Gram-negative motile vibrios with a single polar flagellum; 2.0–4.0 µm in length and 0.5 µm in diameter. The temperature range for growth was 6–37 °C, with an optimum at 24 °C. The pH range for growth was 7.0–10.5, with an optimum at pH 9.5. Strain F-1^T utilized lactate, pyruvate, and molecular hydrogen as electron donors and sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, fumarate or arsenate as electron acceptors. In the presence of sulfate, the end products of lactate oxidation were acetate, H₂S and CO_2. Lactate and pyruvate could also be fermented. The major product of lactate fermentation was acetate. The main cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C_15:0, C_16:0, C_18:0, and iso-C_17:1ω8. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain F-1^T was most closely related to Pseudodesulfovibrio aespoeensis (98.05% similarity). The total size of the genome of the novel isolate was 3.23 Mb and the genomic DNA G + C content was 61.93 mol%. The genome contained all genes essential for dissimilatory sulfate reduction. We propose to assign strain F-1^T to the genus Pseudodesulfovibrio, as a new species, Pseudodesulfovibrio alkaliphilus sp. nov. The type strain is F-1^T (= KCTC 15918^T = VKM B-3405^T).

陆地泥火山中厌氧微生物的多样性在很大程度上尚未得到探索。在这里，我们报告从位于俄罗斯塔曼半岛的陆地泥火山中分离出一种新型硫酸盐还原嗜碱性细菌（菌株 F-1 ^T）。F-1 ^T菌株的细胞是革兰氏阴性运动弧菌，具有单极鞭毛；长度为 2.0–4.0 µm，直径为 0.5 µm。生长温度范围为 6-37°C，最佳温度为 24°C。生长的 pH 值范围为 7.0-10.5，最佳 pH 值为 9.5。应变 F-1 ^T利用乳酸盐、丙酮酸盐和分子氢作为电子供体，利用硫酸盐、亚硫酸盐、硫代硫酸盐、元素硫、富马酸盐或砷酸盐作为电子受体。在硫酸盐存在下，乳酸氧化的最终产物是醋酸盐、H ₂ S和CO _{2 。}乳酸和丙酮酸也可以发酵。乳酸发酵的主要产物是醋酸盐。主要的细胞脂肪酸是反异-C _15:0、C _16:0、C _18:0和异-C _17:1 ω8。系统发育分析表明，菌株 F-1 ^T与Pseudodesulfovibrio aespoeensis 的亲缘关系最密切（98.05% 相似度）。新分离株的基因组总大小为 3.23 Mb，基因组 DNA G + C 含量为 61.93 mol%。基因组包含对异化硫酸盐还原必不可少的所有基因。我们建议将菌株 F-1 ^T分配给Pseudodesulfovibrio属，作为一个新物种Pseudodesulfovibrio硷性菌。十一月 类型菌株是 F-1 ^T (= KCTC 15918 ^T  = VKM B-3405 ^T )。