Utilization of bone graft substitutes have increased due to the rising number of accidents, trauma, and aging population. Autograft is still considered as a gold standard for treating bone defects. However, limitations such as insufficient donor sites and secondary surgery, leads to the development of alternative grafts. Hydroxyapatite (HA) from natural resources gained much attention in recent years as a bone graft substitute due to its biocompatibility, excellent osteointegration, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive properties. In the current review, we have presented the isolation procedures of HA from marine fishbone and cuttlefish bone. Further, composite preparation using marine derived HA with other polymeric and ceramic materials were discussed, and cell-materials interaction were reviewed in detail towards bone tissue construction. Composite biomaterials with HA showed better cell proliferation, cell adhesion, increased gene expression (collagen, osteocalcin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, BMP-2 etc.), and in vivo studies demonstrated significant bone formation with HA composite materials. Hence, composite biomaterials with hydroxyapatite will be potential candidates for artificial synthetic bone graft substitute.

由于事故、创伤和人口老龄化数量的增加，骨移植替代物的使用有所增加。自体移植仍然被认为是治疗骨缺损的金标准。然而，诸如供体部位不足和二次手术等限制导致了替代移植物的发展。近年来，来自自然资源的羟基磷灰石（HA）由于其生物相容性、优异的骨整合、骨传导和骨诱导特性而作为骨移植替代物备受关注。在当前的审查中，我们介绍了从海洋鱼骨和墨鱼骨中分离 HA 的程序。此外，讨论了使用海洋衍生的 HA 与其他聚合物和陶瓷材料的复合制备，并详细审查了细胞-材料相互作用对骨组织构建的影响。等），体内研究表明 HA 复合材料具有显着的骨形成。因此，具有羟基磷灰石的复合生物材料将成为人工合成骨移植替代物的潜在候选者。