Sexual assault is a major public health concern in the United States that disproportionately affects sexual minority cisgender and nonbinary young adults. Although sexual assault is influenced by a myriad of societal and interpersonal factors, misunderstandings during the communication and interpretation of sexual consent signals likely contribute to this public health crisis. Unfortunately, research on sexual consent miscommunication has been heavily informed by heteronormative theories and conducted primarily with cisgender heterosexual men and women. The present study attempted to help address this gap in the literature by exploring factors that contribute to sexual consent attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors in a sample of 251 cisgender and nonbinary sexual minority young adults. Nonbinary participants reported more proactive sexual consent attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors than cisgender participants. Sexual assertiveness was also a robust and unique predictor of adaptive sexual consent, particularly among those who identified as more traditionally masculine. Findings from the current study may help guide the development of more inclusive, research-informed sexual consent and sexual violence prevention programs.

性侵犯是美国的一个主要公共卫生问题，它不成比例地影响性少数顺性别者和非二元青年。尽管性侵犯受到无数社会和人际关系因素的影响，但在性同意信号的沟通和解释过程中的误解可能会导致这场公共卫生危机。不幸的是，关于性同意误传的研究很大程度上受到异性恋理论的影响，并且主要针对顺性异性恋男性和女性进行。本研究试图通过在 251 名顺性别和非二元性少数年轻人的样本中探索导致性同意态度、信念和行为的因素来帮助解决文献中的这一空白。与顺性别参与者相比，非二元参与者报告了更主动的性同意态度、信念和行为。性自信也是适应性性同意的一个强大而独特的预测因素，特别是在那些被认定为传统男性化的人中。当前研究的结果可能有助于指导制定更具包容性、研究知情的性同意和性暴力预防计划。