Purpose of Review

Livestock wastewater is a valuable vein of resources for the production of reused water, renewable energy, and fertilizers. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding on the opportunities and challenges to anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) for livestock wastewater treatment and resource recovery.

Recent Findings

AnMBRs that integrates a membrane filtration process with anaerobic digestion exhibit high promise for livestock wastewater treatment and resource recovery. Organic matter in livestock wastewater can be biodegraded for the production of methane-rich biogas and bioactive substances, such as phytohormones, free amino acids, vitamins, and inorganic nutrients (e.g. ammonium and phosphate). Thus, the AnMBR effluent from livestock wastewater treatment can be potentially used for direct irrigation and processed for nutrient capture, for example, by struvite crystallization. Nevertheless, there remain several technical challenges to AnMBR development for livestock wastewater treatment. These mainly include digester susceptibility to inhibitory substances, low removal of antibiotics and heavy metals, and membrane fouling. Thus, recent studies have proposed several potential approaches to address these challenges to accelerate AnMBR development. These approaches can be largely classified as wastewater regulation, microbial acclimatization, process optimization, and amender addition.

Summary

In this paper, we critically reviewed the performance of AnMBR for livestock wastewater treatment with respective to biogas production and contaminant removal. Key technical challenges and their potential countermeasures were delineated to shed light on further development of AnMBR in the field.

中文翻译：

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用于畜牧废水处理和资源回收的厌氧膜生物反应器：机遇和挑战

审查目的

畜牧废水是生产再生水、可再生能源和肥料的宝贵资源。本综述旨在全面了解厌氧膜生物反应器 (AnMBR) 用于牲畜废水处理和资源回收的机遇和挑战。

最近的发现

AnMBR 将膜过滤过程与厌氧消化相结合，在畜牧废水处理和资源回收方面具有广阔的前景。牲畜废水中的有机物可以进行生物降解，以生产富含甲烷的沼气和生物活性物质，例如植物激素、游离氨基酸、维生素和无机营养素（例如铵和磷酸盐）。因此，来自牲畜废水处理的 AnMBR 流出物有可能用于直接灌溉和处理以捕获养分，例如，通过鸟粪石结晶。尽管如此，用于畜牧废水处理的 AnMBR 开发仍然存在一些技术挑战。这些主要包括消化器对抑制物质的敏感性、抗生素和重金属去除率低以及膜污染。因此，最近的研究提出了几种可能的方法来解决这些挑战，以加速 AnMBR 的发展。这些方法主要可分为废水调节、微生物驯化、工艺优化和添加修正剂。

概括

在本文中，我们批判性地审查了 AnMBR 在畜牧废水处理中在沼气生产和污染物去除方面的性能。描绘了关键技术挑战及其潜在对策，以阐明 AnMBR 在该领域的进一步发展。