This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of camel milk (CM) and allopurinol in an adenine-induced acute renal failure (ARF) model in rats. Rats received adenine oral gavage and were treated with either CM (33 mL/kg) or allopurinol (50 mg/kg) for ten consecutive days. Urine and blood samples were collected on the 1st, 5th, and 10th days of the experiment. Renal tissues were collected for oxidative stress and histopathological change analysis. Adenine induced ARF as indicated by a significant decrease in glomerular filtration rate, heavy proteinuria, hyperuricemia, and histological alterations. Serum concentrations of urea, uric acid, serum osmolarity, and urine output were significantly increased, while urine osmolarity was significantly decreased in the adenine-treated rats. Furthermore, in the adenine group, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities and total thiol content were significantly lower, and MDA concentration was significantly higher than the control group. Treatment with CM and allopurinol improved renal function, attenuated structural lesions, and ameliorated oxidative stress in renal tissues. The results indicated that CM and, more effectively, allopurinol were able to protect against adenine-induced kidney injury, possibly by lowering uric acid. Therefore, as a valuable nutrition, CM could be useful in the protection of the kidney against adenine-induced ARF.

本研究旨在评估骆驼奶 (CM) 和别嘌呤醇在大鼠腺嘌呤诱导的急性肾功能衰竭 (ARF) 模型中的保护作用。大鼠接受腺嘌呤口服灌胃，并连续 10 天用 CM (33 mL/kg) 或别嘌呤醇 (50 mg/kg) 治疗。在实验的第 1 天、第 5 天和第 10 天收集尿液和血液样本。收集肾组织用于氧化应激和组织病理学变化分析。肾小球滤过率显着降低、大量蛋白尿、高尿酸血症和组织学改变表明腺嘌呤诱导 ARF。尿素、尿酸、血清渗透压和尿量的血清浓度显着增加，而腺嘌呤处理的大鼠的尿渗透压显着降低。此外，在腺嘌呤组中，过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性和总硫醇含量显着低于对照组，MDA浓度显着高于对照组。CM 和别嘌呤醇治疗可改善肾功能、减轻结构损伤并改善肾组织的氧化应激。结果表明，CM 和更有效的别嘌呤醇能够防止腺嘌呤引起的肾损伤，这可能是通过降低尿酸来实现的。因此，作为一种有价值的营养，CM 可用于保护肾脏免受腺嘌呤诱导的 ARF。结果表明，CM 和更有效的别嘌呤醇能够防止腺嘌呤引起的肾损伤，这可能是通过降低尿酸来实现的。因此，作为一种有价值的营养，CM 可用于保护肾脏免受腺嘌呤诱导的 ARF。结果表明，CM 和更有效的别嘌呤醇能够防止腺嘌呤引起的肾损伤，这可能是通过降低尿酸来实现的。因此，作为一种有价值的营养，CM 可用于保护肾脏免受腺嘌呤诱导的 ARF。