Long-term brown coal mining contributes to risk element contents in soils surrounding coal basins. However, there is a lack of bioaccessibility characterization of the risk elements in the soils at the impacted locations for estimation of the potential health risk, in relation to the effects of soil particle size and element origin. In this study, soils from different geological areas (geogenic vs. anthropogenic) were sampled around the Most brown coal basin, Czech Republic. These soils were passed through sieves to obtain seven aggregate size fractions. For an estimation of the oral bioaccessibility of As and Pb in the size fractions, the physiologically based extraction test was applied, whereas the potential pulmonary bioaccessibility of the elements was estimated by using both Gamble’s and Hatch’s tests. The results showed that the geochemical pattern of the investigated elements clearly separates the soil samples collected from the mountain region (mineralization from geogenic processes) from those of the basin region (extensive coal mining). For As, the results indicated that it poses higher risks in the anthropogenically affected basin region due to its higher gastro-intestinal and pulmonary bioaccessibility in soil samples in this area. A higher bioaccessibility of As in the soils was recorded in the finer grain size fractions, which are usually air-borne and can be easily ingested and/or inhaled, leading to potential health risks to humans and livestock. The opposite pattern, with a higher content on coarse particles, was recorded for Pb, indicating a potential risk of livestock in the non-forest mountainous areas.

长期褐煤开采有助于煤盆地周围土壤中的风险元素含量。然而，缺乏对受影响地点土壤中风险元素的生物可及性表征，以估计与土壤颗粒大小和元素来源的影响有关的潜在健康风险。在这项研究中，在捷克共和国莫斯特褐煤盆地周围采集了来自不同地质区域（地质与人为）的土壤。这些土壤通过筛子以获得七种聚集体尺寸部分。为了估计大小分数中 As 和 Pb 的口服生物可及性，应用了基于生理学的提取试验，而使用 Gamble 和 Hatch 试验估计了这些元素的潜在肺部生物可及性。结果表明，所研究元素的地球化学模式清楚地区分了从山区收集的土壤样品（来自地质过程的矿化）和盆地区域的土壤样品（广泛的煤炭开采）。对于 As，结果表明，由于其在该地区土壤样本中较高的胃肠道和肺部生物可及性，它在人为影响的盆地地区构成更高的风险。土壤中砷的较高生物可及性记录在较细粒度的部分中，这些部分通常在空气中传播，很容易摄入和/或吸入，从而对人类和牲畜造成潜在的健康风险。铅的记录相反，粗颗粒含量较高，表明非森林山区存在牲畜的潜在风险。