The impact of inorganic pollutants in the zone of industrial wastewater settling tanks (South of Russia) was studied. The levels of Mn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd were determined for Verbascum thapsus L., which are part of the mesophilic succession of wild plants in the studied technogenically polluted territory. The bioavailability of heavy metals (HM) for plants from transformed soils has been established. Anatomical and morphological features in the tissues of the plants affected by HM were analyzed using light-optical and electron microscopic methods. Contamination of the soil cover with Mn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd has been established with maximum content of Zn. It was revealed that the HM content in the V. thapsus plants exceeded the maximum permissible levels (Russian state standard): Zn by 23, Pb by 2, Cr by 31 and Cd by 3 times. The lower level of HM content in the inflorescences of mullein plants in comparison with the root system, stems and leaves indicates the resistance of generative organs to technogenic pollution. In the root and leaves of the V. thapsus, the anatomical and ultrastructural observation were carried out using light-optical and transmission electron microscopy. Changes in the ultrastructure of plants under the influence of anthropogenic impact have been revealed. The most significant changes of the ultrastructure of the polluted plants were found in the cell organelles of leaves (mitochondria, plastids, peroxisomes, etc.) including spatial transformation of the thylakoid system of plastids during the metal accumulation by plants, which may determine the mechanism of plant adaptation to technogenic pollution.

研究了工业废水沉淀池区域（俄罗斯南部）无机污染物的影响。测定了毛蕊花的 Mn、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd 的含量L.，它们是所研究的技术污染地区野生植物中温序列的一部分。已经确定了转化土壤中植物的重金属 (HM) 生物利用度。使用光学和电子显微镜方法分析受 HM 影响的植物组织的解剖和形态特征。已确定土壤被 Mn、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb 和 Cd 污染，其中 Zn 含量最高。结果表明，V. thapsus 植物中的 HM 含量超过了最大允许水平（俄罗斯国家标准）：Zn 23 倍，Pb 2 倍，Cr 31 倍，Cd 3 倍。与根系、茎和叶相比，毛蕊花的花序中HM含量较低，表明生殖器官对技术污染具有抵抗力。V. thapsus，采用光学和透射电子显微镜进行解剖和超微结构观察。人为影响下植物超微结构的变化已被揭示。受污染植物超微结构的最显着变化发生在叶片的细胞器（线粒体、质体、过氧化物酶体等），包括植物金属积累过程中质体类囊体系统的空间转换，这可能决定其机制。植物对技术污染的适应。