Clarifying the effects of material properties on the lapping performance is helpful in optimizing the lapping processing and revealing the lapping mechanisms. In this study, the microstructures of single-crystal spinel (SS) and polycrystalline spinel (PS) were observed by a microscope after being etched with H₃PO₄ at high temperature. Automatically controlled micro-hardness testing and analysis systems were used to measure the hardness and crack length of SS and PS wafers. On this basis, the fracture toughness and critical cutting depth were estimated. And, a series of lapping tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of crystals on its machinability with a fixed abrasive pad (FAP). After lapping, the size distribution of collected debris was measured by using a laser particle analyzer. The debris and selected posts of FAP were observed by using a scanning electron microscope. Experimental results indicate that the different microstructures and hardness characteristics between SS and PS result in different average cutting depths, which finally affect the lapping debris sizes, FAP surface conditions, and its machinability.

弄清材料性能对研磨性能的影响，有助于优化研磨工艺并揭示研磨机理。在本研究中，用H ₃ PO ₄蚀刻后，通过显微镜观察了单晶尖晶石（SS）和多晶尖晶石（PS）的微观结构。在高温下。使用自动控制的微硬度测试和分析系统来测量SS和PS晶片的硬度和裂纹长度。在此基础上，估算了断裂韧性和临界切削深度。并且，进行了一系列研磨测试，以评估晶体在使用固定磨垫（FAP）加工时的效果。研磨后，通过使用激光颗粒分析仪测量收集的碎片的尺寸分布。使用扫描电子显微镜观察FAP的碎片和选定的柱子。实验结果表明，SS和PS之间不同的微观结构和硬度特性会导致不同的平均切削深度，从而最终影响研磨碎片的尺寸，FAP表面条件及其可加工性。