Drought is one of the important abiotic stresses that affects the phenological stages and crop productivity. Phenological stages can seriously influence the crop yield and quality. In this study, phenological traits including days to germination, days to tillering, days to stem elongation, days to head emergence, days to dough development in kernel, days to physiological maturity, number of grains per spike, thousand kernels weight, grain yield were evaluated in 148 commercial barley cultivars in both years under normal and drought stress conditions. In molecular experiment, the molecular profile of barley cultivars was assessed by 14 AFLP primer combinations and 32 SSRs loci. The phenotypic results showed the high level of diversity between studied cultivars. The studied barley cultivars were divided into two subgroups. Linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed that r² values among all possible markers pairs have an average value of 0.0178. Mixed linear model procedure showed that totally, 137 loci had significant association with nine investigated traits under normal and drought stress conditions. The identified markers potentially can be used in marker-assisted selection in barley drought resistant breeding programs.

干旱是影响物候阶段和作物生产力的重要非生物胁迫之一。物候阶段会严重影响农作物的产量和质量。在这项研究中，物候性状包括发芽天数，分days天数，茎伸长天数，头顶出苗天数，果仁面团发育天数，生理成熟天数，每个穗粒数，千粒重，籽粒产量在正常和干旱胁迫条件下，均在148个商业大麦品种中进行了评估。在分子实验中，通过14个AFLP引物组合和32个SSR位点评估了大麦品种的分子概况。表型结果表明研究品种之间的高度多样性。研究的大麦品种分为两个亚组。所有可能的标记对中的r ²值的平均值为0.0178。混合线性模型程序显示，在正常和干旱胁迫条件下，共有137个基因座与9个调查性状显着相关。鉴定出的标记可能可用于大麦抗旱育种计划中的标记辅助选择。