Abstract

Skeletal muscles comprise more than a third of human body mass and critically contribute to regulation of body metabolism. Chronic inactivity reduces metabolic activity and functional capacity of muscles, leading to metabolic and other disorders, reduced life quality and duration. Cellular models based on progenitor cells isolated from human muscle biopsies and then differentiated into mature fibers in vitro can be used to solve a wide range of experimental tasks. The review discusses the aspects of myogenesis dynamics and regulation, which might be important in the development of an adequate cell model. The main function of skeletal muscle is contraction; therefore, electrical stimulation is important for both successful completion of myogenesis and in vitro modeling of major processes induced in the skeletal muscle by acute or regular physical exercise. The review analyzes the drawbacks of such cellular model and possibilities for its optimization, as well as the prospects for its further application to address fundamental aspects of muscle physiology and biochemistry and explore cellular and molecular mechanisms of metabolic diseases.

中文翻译：

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电刺激的体外培养的肌管作为骨骼肌活动的模型：现状和未来展望。

摘要

骨骼肌占人体质量的三分之一以上，对调节人体的新陈代谢起关键作用。慢性不活动会降低肌肉的代谢活动和功能能力，导致代谢和其他疾病，降低生活质量和持续时间。基于从人类肌肉活检组织中分离出来的祖细胞然后在体外分化为成熟纤维的细胞模型可用于解决广泛的实验任务。这篇综述讨论了肌生成动力学和调控的各个方面，这对于建立合适的细胞模型可能很重要。骨骼肌的主要功能是收缩。因此，电刺激对于成功完成肌发生和体外都很重要急性或定期体育锻炼在骨骼肌中诱导的主要过程的模型。这篇综述分析了这种细胞模型的弊端及其优化的可能性，以及将其进一步应用于解决肌肉生理学和生物化学的基本方面以及探索代谢疾病的细胞和分子机制的前景。