Similarity measure (SM) proves to be a necessary tool in cognitive decision making processes. A single-valued neutrosophic set (SVNS) is just a particular instance of neutrosophic sets (NSs), which is capable of handling uncertainty and impreciseness/vagueness with a better degree of accuracy. The present article proposes two new weighted vector SMs for SVNSs, by taking the convex combination of vector SMs of Jaccard and Dice and Jaccard and cosine vector SMs. The applications of the proposed measures are validated by solving few multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problems under neutrosophic environment. Moreover, to prevent the spread of COVID-19 outbreak, we also demonstrate the problem of selecting proper antivirus face mask with the help of our newly constructed measures. The best deserving alternative is calculated based on the highest SM values between the set of alternatives with an ideal alternative. Meticulous comparative analysis is presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed measures with the already established ones in the literature. Finally, illustrative examples are demonstrated to show the reliability, feasibility, and applicability of the proposed decision-making method. The comparison of the results manifests a fair agreement of the outcomes for the best alternative, proving that our proposed measures are effective. Moreover, the presented SMs are assured to have multifarious applications in the field of pattern recognition, image clustering, medical diagnosis, complex decision-making problems, etc. In addition, the newly constructed measures have the potential of being applied to problems of group decision making where the human cognition-based thought processes play a major role.

相似性度量（SM）被证明是认知决策过程中的必要工具。单值中智集 (SVNS) 只是中智集 (NS) 的一个特定实例，它能够以更高的准确度处理不确定性和不精确/模糊性。本文通过采用 Jaccard 和 Dice 的向量 SM 和 Jaccard 的向量 SM 与余弦向量 SM 的凸组合，为 SVNS 提出了两种新的加权向量 SM。通过解决中智环境下的少数多属性决策（MADM）问题，验证了所提出措施的应用。此外，为了防止 COVID-19 爆发的蔓延，我们还借助我们新构建的措施展示了选择合适的防病毒口罩的问题。最值得的替代方案是根据具有理想替代方案的一组替代方案之间的最高 SM 值计算的。提出了细致的比较分析，以显示所提出的措施与文献中已经建立的措施的有效性。最后，举例说明了所提出的决策方法的可靠性、可行性和适用性。结果的比较表明最佳替代方案的结果公平一致，证明我们提出的措施是有效的。此外，所提出的 SM 保证在模式识别、图像聚类、医学诊断、复杂决策问题等领域具有广泛的应用。此外，