Magnetic surfactants are a special class of surfactants with magneto-responsive properties. These surfactants possess lower critical micelle concentrations and are more effective in reducing surface tension as compared to conventional surfactants. Such surfactants' ability to manipulate self-assembly in a controlled way by tuning the magnetic field makes them an attractive choice for several applications, including drug delivery, catalysis, separation, oilfield, and water treatment. In this work, we reviewed the properties of magnetic surfactants and possible explanations of magnetic behavior. This article also covers the synthesis methods that can be used to synthesize different types of cationic, anionic, nonionic, and zwitterionic magnetic surfactants. The applications of magnetic surfactants in different fields such as biotechnology, water treatment, catalysis, and oilfield have been discussed in detail.

磁性表面活性剂是一类特殊的具有磁响应特性的表面活性剂。与传统表面活性剂相比，这些表面活性剂具有较低的临界胶束浓度，并且在降低表面张力方面更有效。这种表面活性剂通过调节磁场以可控方式操纵自组装的能力使它们成为多种应用的有吸引力的选择，包括药物输送、催化、分离、油田和水处理。在这项工作中，我们回顾了磁性表面活性剂的特性和磁性行为的可能解释。本文还介绍了可用于合成不同类型的阳离子、阴离子、非离子和两性离子磁性表面活性剂的合成方法。磁性表面活性剂在生物技术等不同领域的应用，