Historical PerspectiveMagnetic surfactants: A review of recent progress in synthesis and applications
Graphical abstract
Section snippets
List of abbreviations and symbols
azoTAFe 4-ethoxy-4-(trimethyl-aminoethoxy) azobenzene trichloromonobromoferrate Br bromine Ce cerium cmc critical micelle concentration Co cobalt C16TAGdCl3Br cetyltrimethylammonium trichloromonobromogadolinate Cu copper Cl chlorine CNT carbon nanotubes CTAB hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide CTACe hexadecyltrimethylammonium trichloromonobromocerate CTAF hexadecyltrimethylammonium trichloromonobromoferrate CTAGd hexadecyltrimethylammonium trichloromonobromogadolinate DDAB di-dodecyl dimethylammonium
Properties of magnetic surfactants
This section is mainly divided into two subsections. The first subsection discusses the surface/interfacial properties of different magnetic surfactants and their comparison with non-magnetic counterparts. The second subsection explains the different explanations of the magnetic behavior of such surfactants.
Synthesis of magnetic surfactants
The method of synthesis of magnetic surfactants depends on the class of surfactants. The surfactants can be classified into cationic, anionic, zwitterionic, and nonionic, depending on the ionic headgroup's charge. The following section highlights the synthesis methods of magnetic surfactants for different classes.
Applications of magnetic surfactants
Magnetic surfactants have the potential to be used in various applications due to their noninvasive external control and reversibility by the application of magnetic force. It is an emerging research area now, and its potential in different applications such as drug delivery, protein separation, DNA compaction, water treatment, and as templating material for the synthesis of nanoparticles is being investigated. The following section provides an overview of the various applications of magnetic
Concluding remarks and prospects
This article reviews the synthesis, properties, and applications of magnetic surfactants. Generally, magnetics surfactants can be prepared using conventional surfactants by complexation reaction and liquid-liquid ion-exchange reaction. Most of the reported magnetic surfactants are cationic and anionic. Magnetic surfactants provide external noninvasive control over interfaces, dispersions, colloids, and nanoparticles with the help of a magnetic field. Therefore, wide applications of these
Declaration of Competing Interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Acknowledgment
The research was supported by the College of Petroleum Engineering & Geoscience and the Department of Chemical Engineering at KFUPM.
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