Integer ambiguity resolution is the key for achieving the highest accuracy with Precise Point Positioning (PPP) and for significantly reducing the convergence time. Unfortunately, due to hardware phase biases originating from the satellites and receiver, fixing the phase ambiguities to their correct integer number is difficult in PPP. Nowadays, various institutions and analysis centers of the International GNSS Service (IGS) provide satellite products (orbits, clocks, biases) based on different strategies, which allow PPP with integer ambiguity resolution (PPP-AR) for GPS and Galileo. We present the theoretical background and practical application of the satellite products from CNES, CODE, SGG, and TUG. They are tested in combined GPS and Galileo PPP-AR solutions calculated using our in-house software raPPPid. The numerical results show that the choice of satellite product has an influence on the convergence time of the fixed solution. The satellite product of CODE performs better than the following, in the given order: SGG_CODE, SGG_GFZ, TUG, CNES, and SGG_CNES. After the convergence period, a similar level of accuracy is achieved with all these products. With these satellite products and observations with an interval of 30 s, a mean convergence time of about 6 min to centimeter-level 2D positioning is achieved. Using high-rate observations and an observation interval of 1 s, this period can be reduced to a few minutes and, in the best case, just one minute.

整数模糊度解决方案是通过精确点定位（PPP）实现最高精度并显着减少收敛时间的关键。不幸的是，由于源于卫星和接收机的硬件相位偏差，在PPP中很难将相位模糊度固定为其正确的整数。如今，国际GNSS服务（IGS）的各个机构和分析中心都基于不同的策略提供卫星产品（轨道，时钟，偏差），从而使GPS和Galileo可以使用具有整数歧义分辨率（PPP-AR）的PPP。我们介绍了来自CNES，CODE，SGG和TUG的卫星产品的理论背景和实际应用。在使用我们内部软件raPPPid计算出的GPS和Galileo PPP-AR组合解决方案中对它们进行了测试。数值结果表明，卫星乘积的选择对固定解的收敛时间有影响。按给定的顺序，CODE的卫星产品的性能优于以下产品：SGG_CODE，SGG _GFZ，TUG，CNES和SGG _CNES。在收敛期之后，所有这些产品都达到了相似的精度水平。使用这些卫星产品并以30 s的间隔进行观测，可以实现约6分钟到厘米级2D定位的平均收敛时间。使用高速率观察和1 s的观察间隔，此时间可以减少到几分钟，最好是只有一分钟。