The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, is a major threat to citrus production worldwide, as it transmits ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’, the pathogen associated with the devastating Asian form of huanglongbing. The psyllid has spread widely from its native South Asia during the past 300 years, most recently to Africa. We report the first population genomic analyses of D. citri in Kenya and La Réunion based on next-generation sequencing of their mitochondrial genomes. We analyzed mitochondrial sequences of 264 D. citri individuals to establish genetic relationships among accessions from D. citri populations from Asia, North America and Africa. Haplotype network analysis indicated that the psyllids from Kenya were genetically close to an accession from Cambodia, and distinctly different to those from La Réunion. These findings revealed populations in southern Indochina would be the likely source of the D. citri introduction into East Africa through human-mediated transfer of psyllid-infested plants.

亚洲柑橘木虱，柑橘木虱，是柑橘生产在世界范围内的主要威胁，因为它传递“暂定Liberibacter胭脂”，与黄龙病的破坏性亚洲形式相关的病原体。在过去的300年中，木虱已经从其祖国南亚广泛传播，最近又传播到了非洲。我们基于肯尼亚线粒体基因组的下一代测序，报道了肯尼亚和拉留尼汪的D. citri的首次种群基因组分析。我们分析了264个线粒体序列的亚洲柑橘木虱个人建立从种质间亲缘关系的亚洲柑橘木虱来自亚洲，北美和非洲的人口。单倍型网络分析表明，肯尼亚的木虱在基因上与柬埔寨的种接近，并且与拉留尼汪的木虱明显不同。这些发现表明，通过人类介导的木虱感染的植物的转移，印度支那南部的人群很可能是柑桔D. citri引入东非的来源。