By employing the finite-difference time-domain method, the processes of electric field variation and morphological development of the optical radiation field of ELVEs and sprite halos were simulated in this article. Simulations of ELVEs show two optical radiation field centers, with a concentrated luminous zone from 85 to 100 km and an inner weaker optical radiation center. The electric field exhibits an obvious sparse and dense ripple pattern induced by the concentric gravity waves (CGWs) at altitudes of 90–100 km, which mainly occurs during the decline period of electric field with a shallow steepness. The alternating distance of the variations in the sparse and dense patterns is about 40 km, which corresponds to the horizontal wavelength of the electric field. The CGWs induce significant deformation of the inner optical radiation field, even splitting into multiple luminous regions. Simulations of sprite halos indicate that the horizontal range of the electrical field generated by lightning current is within 50 km, and a strong local electric field formed in the region right above the lightning channel is due to the small-scale breakdown current. Thus, the increased electron density shields the upper regions and reduces the electrical field’s strength. The sprite halos luminous zone is pancake-shaped, and it originates at 85 km along with a downward developing trend. The disturbance of sprite halos’ luminescence caused by CGWs mainly occurs at about 80–100 km directly above the lightning channel, and the primary deformation zone is located within 30 km of the lightning channel, which is also the region with the most recognizable electric field disturbance.

中文翻译：

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基于电磁脉冲耦合模型的同心重力波对ELVE和子画面光晕的调制效应

本文采用时域有限差分法，模拟了ELVE和子星晕的电场变化过程以及光辐射场的形貌发展。ELVE的模拟显示了两个光辐射场中心，其集中的发光区域为85至100 km，内部光辐射中心较弱。电场在90-100 km的高度由同心重力波（CGW）引起，表现出明显的稀疏和密集的波纹模式，这主要发生在电场的陡峭度下降的时期。稀疏模式和密集模式中变化的交替距离约为40 km，它对应于电场的水平波长。CGW引起内部光辐射场的明显变形，甚至分成多个发光区域。精灵光晕的模拟表明，雷电流产生的电场的水平范围在50 km以内，而雷击通道正上方的区域中形成的强局部电场是由于小规模的击穿电流所致。因此，增加的电子密度屏蔽了上部区域并降低了电场强度。子星光晕发光区呈薄煎饼状，起源于85公里，且呈下降趋势。由CGW引起的子星光晕发光干扰主要发生在雷电通道正上方约80-100 km处，主要变形区位于雷电通道30 km以内，这也是电场最易识别的区域。骚乱。