The numerical simulation of tropical cyclones (TCs) has been increasingly conducted using the Advanced Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model with the large-eddy simulation (LES) technique. Given the importance of the boundary wind profile for the vertical exchange of horizontal momentum between the atmosphere and the ocean, the drag coefficient was evaluated in the numerical simulation with the WRF-LES framework at the finest horizontal grid spacing of 37 m. In the absence of the TC-ocean interaction, the drag coefficient derived from the simulated wind profile does not show the leveling off or decrease in the strong wind conditions. The drag coefficient increases with the increasing near-surface wind speed and agrees well with the extrapolation of the Large and Pond formula in the strong wind conditions. It is suggested that the boundary wind structure simulated with the LES technique may be unrealistic when the TC-ocean interaction is not fully considered.

中文翻译：

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WRF-LES框架模拟的热带气旋高风阻系数

使用高级天气研究和预报（WRF）模型和大涡流模拟（LES）技术，越来越多地进行了热带气旋（TCs）的数值模拟。考虑到边界风廓线对于大气与海洋之间水平动量的垂直交换的重要性，在WRF-LES框架的数值模拟中，在37 m的最佳水平网格间距下，通过数值模拟评估了阻力系数。在没有TC-海洋相互作用的情况下，从模拟风廓线得出的阻力系数在强风条件下不会显示出平稳或下降的趋势。阻力系数随着近地表风速的增加而增加，并且与强风条件下大和池公式的外推法非常吻合。