In this study, the synthesis of biopolyols derived from castor oil and glycerol was performed by enzymatic glycerolysis in a solvent-free system applying the lipases: Novozym® 435 (N435), from Candida antarctica fraction B, immobilized on macroporous anionic resin, and Eversa® Transform 2.0, a soluble formulation from Thermomyces lanuginosus. The biopolyols presented different conversion into mono- and diacylglycerol (MAG and DAG) owing to regioselectivity of the lipases. The resulting biopolyols were employed for the synthesis of polyurethane foams using different amounts of chemical blowing agent (water). The NCO source employed was polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI). The foams were compared, and the results showed that the PU foams obtained by using the biopolyol from lipase N435 presented uniform pore size and more desirable mechanical characteristics. Although this has arisen, the results obtained by using the lipase Eversa® Transform 2.0 showed the possibility of applying a low-cost enzyme to obtain biopolyols and foams, and there may be a possibility of competition with chemical catalysts.

在这项研究中，由蓖麻油和甘油衍生的生物多元醇的合成是在无溶剂的系统中通过酶促甘油水解进行的，使用的脂肪酶为：Novozym®435（N435），来自南极假丝酵母组分B，固定在大孔阴离子树脂上，和Eversa ®Transform 2.0，一种来自嗜热霉菌的可溶性制剂。由于脂肪酶的区域选择性，生物多元醇表现出不同的转化成单和二酰基甘油（MAG和DAG）的能力。所得的生物多元醇用于使用不同量的化学发泡剂（水）合成聚氨酯泡沫。所采用的NCO源是聚合的亚甲基二苯基二异氰酸酯（pMDI）。比较泡沫，结果表明，使用由脂肪酶N435制得的生物多元醇制得的PU泡沫具有均匀的孔径和更理想的机械性能。尽管已经出现这种情况，但使用脂肪酶Eversa®Transform 2.0所获得的结果表明，可以应用低成本酶来获得生物多元醇和泡沫，并且可能与化学催化剂竞争。