Extreme environments, such as marine environments, have negative impacts on welded steel structures, causing corrosion, reduced structural integrity and, consequently, failures. That is why it is necessary to perform an experimental research sea exposure effect on such structures and materials. Research presented in this paper deals with the mechanical behavior of butt-welded specimens made of AH36 shipbuilding steel when they are exposed to a natural marine environment (water, seawater, sea splash) for prolonged periods (3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months). The usual approach to such research is to perform accelerated tests in a simulated laboratory environment. Here, relative mass change due to corrosion over time is given along with calculated corrosion rates. Corroded surfaces of specimens were inspected using optical and scanning electron microscopy and comparison, based on the numbers and dimensions of the corrosion pits (diameter and depth) in the observed area. As a result, it can be concluded that exposure between 3 and 6 months shows significant influence on mass loss of specimens. Further, sea splash generally has the most negative impact on corrosion rate due to the combined chemical and mechanical degradation of material. Pit density is the highest at the base metal area of the specimen. The diameters of the corrosion pits grow over the time of exposure as the pits coalesce and join. Pit depths are generally greatest in the heat affected zone area of the specimen.

中文翻译：

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长期海洋环境暴露对焊接造船钢的影响

极端环境（例如海洋环境）会对焊接的钢结构产生负面影响，导致腐蚀，结构完整性降低，并因此导致故障。这就是为什么有必要对此类结构和材料进行实验性的海洋暴露效应的原因。本文介绍的研究涉及由AH36船用钢制成的对接焊缝试样在长时间暴露于自然海洋环境（水，海水，海水飞溅）中的力学行为（3、6、12、24和36个月）。进行此类研究的常用方法是在模拟实验室环境中进行加速测试。在此，给出了由于腐蚀引起的相对质量随时间的变化以及计算出的腐蚀速率。根据观察区域腐蚀点的数量和尺寸（直径和深度），使用光学和扫描电子显微镜检查并比较样品的腐蚀表面。结果，可以得出结论，暴露3到6个月对样品的质量损失有显着影响。此外，由于材料的化学和机械降解综合作用，海水飞溅通常对腐蚀速率具有最不利的影响。凹坑密度在样品的贱金属区域最高。随着腐蚀点的聚结和结合，腐蚀点的直径会随着暴露的时间而增长。坑深通常在试样的热影响区最大。可以得出结论，暴露3到6个月对标本的质量损失有显着影响。此外，由于材料的化学和机械降解综合作用，海水飞溅通常对腐蚀速率具有最不利的影响。凹坑密度在样品的贱金属区域最高。随着腐蚀点的聚结和结合，腐蚀点的直径会随着暴露的时间而增长。坑深通常在试样的热影响区最大。可以得出结论，暴露3到6个月对标本的质量损失有显着影响。此外，由于材料的化学和机械降解综合作用，海水飞溅通常对腐蚀速率具有最不利的影响。凹坑密度在样品的贱金属区域最高。随着腐蚀点的聚结和结合，腐蚀点的直径会随着暴露的时间而增长。坑深通常在试样的热影响区最大。随着腐蚀点的聚结和结合，腐蚀点的直径会随着暴露的时间而增长。坑深通常在试样的热影响区最大。随着腐蚀点的聚结和结合，腐蚀点的直径会随着暴露的时间而增长。坑深通常在试样的热影响区最大。