A phosphine oxide-containing bio-based curing agent was synthesized by addition reaction between furan derivatives and diphenylphosphine oxide. The molecular structure of the as-prepared bio-based curing agent was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Dynamic mechanical analysis results indicated that with the increase of bio-based curing agent content, the glass transition temperature of epoxy/bio-based curing agent composites decreased, which was related to the steric effect of diphenylphosphine oxide species that possibly hinder the curing reaction as well as the reduction in the cross-linking density by mono-functional N-H. By the addition of 7.5 wt-% bio-based curing agent, the resulting epoxy composite achieved UL-94 V-0 rating, in addition to limiting oxygen index of 32.0 vol-%. With the increase of content for the bio-based curing agent, the peak of heat release rate and total heat release of the composites gradually decreased. The bio-based curing agent promoted the carbonization of the epoxy matrix, leading to higher char yield with good thermal resistance. The high-quality char layer served as an effective barrier to retard the diffusion of decomposition volatiles and oxygen between molten polymers and the flame. This study provides a renewable strategy for fabricating flame retardant and transparent epoxy thermoset.

通过呋喃衍生物与二苯基氧化膦之间的加成反应合成了含氧化膦的生物基固化剂。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱和核磁共振光谱证实了所制备的生物基固化剂的分子结构。动态力学分析结果表明，随着生物基固化剂含量的增加，环氧/生物基固化剂复合材料的玻璃化转变温度降低，这与二苯膦氧化物的空间效应有关，可能阻碍固化反应。以及单官能NH降低交联密度。通过添加7.5 wt％的生物基固化剂，所得环氧复合材料不仅达到32.0 vol％的极限氧指数，还达到了UL-94 V-0等级。随着生物基固化剂含量的增加，复合材料的放热速率和总放热峰值逐渐降低。生物基固化剂促进了环氧基质的碳化，从而提高了焦炭产量，并具有良好的耐热性。高质量的炭层可以有效地阻止熔融聚合物与火焰之间的分解挥发物和氧气扩散。这项研究为制造阻燃剂和透明环氧热固性树脂提供了一种可再生的策略。高质量的炭层可以有效地阻止熔融聚合物与火焰之间的分解挥发物和氧气扩散。这项研究为制造阻燃剂和透明环氧热固性树脂提供了一种可再生的策略。高质量的炭层可以有效地阻止熔融聚合物与火焰之间的分解挥发物和氧气扩散。这项研究为制造阻燃剂和透明环氧热固性树脂提供了一种可再生的策略。