In this article, the aim is to establish the correlation between the calcination temperature and dielectric properties of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles including gas sensing properties. For this purpose, the BaTiO₃ nanoparticles have been synthesized using the sol–gel method with low-temperature hydrolysis with varying calcination temperature and time. The structural, morphological, elemental, chemical, dielectric and gas sensing properties have been characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, RAMAN Spectroscopy and LCR Meter with Gas Sensing Unit. The cubic phase of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles has been confirmed by XRD and the estimated particle size obtained from 20.6 nm to 29.4 nm concerning the change in calcination temperature and time. The morphological study and crystal structure analysis have been performed using SEM and TEM images. Elemental identification has been done by EDX which indicates the presence of Ba, Ti and O in the synthesized compound. The formation of the cubic phase has also been confirmed by Raman analysis with a small shift in peaks toward the higher wave number side. Dielectric properties of synthesized BaTiO₃ nanoparticles have been investigated as a function of frequency with temperature variation from 30 to 150 °C. The sensitivity (%) as a function of flow rate and temperature of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles have been investigated and observed that BaTiO₃ nanoparticles calcinated at 800 °C for 2 h achieved the highest response toward NH₃ gas.

本文旨在建立煅烧温度与BaTiO ₃纳米颗粒介电性能之间的相关性，包括气体传感性能。为此，使用溶胶-凝胶法在低温煅烧和煅烧温度和时间不同的条件下合成了BaTiO ₃纳米粒子。使用具有气体传感单元的XRD，SEM，TEM，EDX，RAMAN光谱和LCR仪对结构，形态，元素，化学，介电和气体传感特性进行了表征。BaTiO ₃的立方相通过XRD证实了纳米颗粒，并且关于煅烧温度和时间的变化，获得了从20.6nm至29.4nm的估计粒径。使用SEM和TEM图像进行了形态学研究和晶体结构分析。EDX已完成元素鉴定，表明合成的化合物中存在Ba，Ti和O。拉曼分析也证实了立方相的形成，其峰向较高波数侧的偏移很小。已经研究了合成的BaTiO ₃纳米粒子的介电特性，该介电特性是随温度在30至150°C之间变化的频率的函数。灵敏度（％）与BaTiO ₃的流量和温度的关系研究了纳米颗粒，观察到在800°C下煅烧2 h的BaTiO ₃纳米颗粒对NH ₃气体的响应最高。