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Role of calcination on dielectric properties of BaTiO3 nanoparticles as a gas sensor

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Abstract

In this article, the aim is to establish the correlation between the calcination temperature and dielectric properties of BaTiO3 nanoparticles including gas sensing properties. For this purpose, the BaTiO3 nanoparticles have been synthesized using the sol–gel method with low-temperature hydrolysis with varying calcination temperature and time. The structural, morphological, elemental, chemical, dielectric and gas sensing properties have been characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, RAMAN Spectroscopy and LCR Meter with Gas Sensing Unit. The cubic phase of BaTiO3 nanoparticles has been confirmed by XRD and the estimated particle size obtained from 20.6 nm to 29.4 nm concerning the change in calcination temperature and time. The morphological study and crystal structure analysis have been performed using SEM and TEM images. Elemental identification has been done by EDX which indicates the presence of Ba, Ti and O in the synthesized compound. The formation of the cubic phase has also been confirmed by Raman analysis with a small shift in peaks toward the higher wave number side. Dielectric properties of synthesized BaTiO3 nanoparticles have been investigated as a function of frequency with temperature variation from 30 to 150 °C. The sensitivity (%) as a function of flow rate and temperature of BaTiO3 nanoparticles have been investigated and observed that BaTiO3 nanoparticles calcinated at 800 °C for 2 h achieved the highest response toward NH3 gas.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thanks to funding agencies for SERB funded Project No. EMR/2016/2156 and UGC, DAE-CSR, Indore for CRS funded Project No. CSR-IC/MSRSR-10/CRS-218/2017-18/1299.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303002, India

    Hariom Pawar, Meenu Khan, Manisha Kumari, U. K. Dwivedi & Deepshikha Rathore

  2. Department of Physics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, M.P., 462026, India

    Tara Prasad

  3. Department of Physics, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, M.P., 470003, India

    Ranveer Kumar

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  1. Hariom Pawar
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  2. Meenu Khan
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Correspondence to Deepshikha Rathore.

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Pawar, H., Khan, M., Kumari, M. et al. Role of calcination on dielectric properties of BaTiO3 nanoparticles as a gas sensor. Appl. Phys. A 127, 384 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-021-04517-6

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