Abstract

The results of experiments on the implementation of single-qubit quantum gates with a single ⁸⁷Rb atom in an optical dipole trap with a wavelength of 850 nm are presented. The trap is formed by a long focal-length objective lens located outside the vacuum chamber of a magneto-optical trap. An atom is detected using a resonance fluorescence signal with an sCMOS video camera. The experiments involved the trapping and confinement of a single atom at times up to 50 s, optical pumping by polarized laser radiation, microwave transitions between two hyperfine sublevels of the ground state, and the measurement of the quantum state of the atom by pushing it from the trap. Rabi oscillations are observed during the “clock” microwave transition 5S_1/2(F = 2, M_F = 0) → 5S_1/2(F = 1, M_F = 0) between two operating qubit levels at a frequency of up to 4.2 kHz, a contrast of up to 95%, and a coherence time of up to 3 ms. These oscillations correspond to the implementation of two basic single-qubit quantum operations (Hadamard gate, NOT gate) from various initial qubit states with an average fidelity of 95.2 ± 3%.

中文翻译：

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基于偶极阱中单个Tra原子中微波跃迁的单量子位量子门的实现

摘要

给出了在波长为850 nm的光学偶极阱中实现具有单个⁸⁷ Rb原子的单量子位量子门的实验结果。该阱由位于磁光阱的真空室外部的长焦距物镜形成。通过sCMOS摄像机使用共振荧光信号检测原子。实验涉及捕获和限制单个原子的时间长达50 s，通过偏振激光辐射进行光泵浦，在基态的两个超细亚能级之间进行微波跃迁，并通过将其推离来测量原子的量子态。陷阱。在“时钟”微波过渡5 S _1/2（F = 2M _F = 0）→5 S _1/2（F = 1，M _F = 0）在两个工作qubit电平之间，频率高达4.2 kHz，对比度高达95％，相干时间高达3毫秒 这些振荡对应于来自各种初始量子位态的两个基本单量子位量子运算（哈达玛门，非门）的实现，平均保真度为95.2±3％。