Background:With aging population, the prevalence and incidence of heart failure (HF) have been increasing worldwide. However, the characteristics and outcomes of patients with HF in an era of aging are not well established in Japan.

Methods and Results:The Japanese Registry Of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (JROADHF), a retrospective, multicenter, nationwide registry, was designed to study the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized with HF throughout Japan in 2013. One hundred and twenty-eight hospitals were selected by cluster random sampling and 13,238 hospitalized patients with HF were identified by medical record review. Demographics, medical history, severity, treatment, and in-hospital and long-term outcome data were collected from the Diagnostic Procedure Combination and medical charts. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression or Cox regression analysis. The mean age of registered patients was 78.0±12.5 years and 52.8% were male. Elderly patients (age >75 years) accounted for 68.9%, and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounted for 45.1%. Median length of hospital stay was 18 days and in-hospital mortality was 7.7%. The median follow-up period was 4.3 years, and the incidence rates for cardiovascular death and rehospitalization for HF were 7.1 and 21.1 per 100 person-years, respectively.

Conclusions:A contemporary nationwide registry demonstrated that hospitalized HF patients were very elderly, HFpEF was common, and their prognosis was still poor in Japan.

背景：随着人口老龄化，心力衰竭 (HF) 的患病率和发病率在全球范围内不断增加。然而，在日本，HF 患者在老龄化时代的特征和结果尚未得到很好的确定。

方法和结果：日本急性失代偿性心力衰竭登记处 (JROADHF) 是一项回顾性、多中心、全国性的登记处，旨在研究 2013 年全日本心衰住院患者的临床特征和结局。按集群选择了 128 家医院通过病历审查确定了随机抽样和 13,238 名住院 HF 患者。从诊断程序组合和医疗图表中收集人口统计学、病史、严重程度、治疗以及住院和长期结果数据。使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归或Cox回归分析对数据进行分析。登记患者的平均年龄为 78.0±12.5 岁，男性占 52.8%。老年患者（年龄>75岁）占68.9%，射血分数保留型心力衰竭（HFpEF）占45.1%。住院时间中位数为 18 天，住院死亡率为 7.7%。中位随访期为 4.3 年，心血管死亡和心衰再住院的发生率分别为 7.1 和 21.1/100 人年。

结论：当代全国登记表明，住院的 HF 患者年龄很大，HFpEF 很常见，他们的预后在日本仍然很差。