Abstract

The review contains information on the properties of phase-change materials (PCM) and the possibilities of their use as the basis of thermal energy storage. Special attention is given to PCMs with a phase transition temperature ranging between 20 and 80°C since such materials can be effectively used to reduce temperature variations in residential and industrial rooms. Thus, the application of PCMs in the construction industry enables one to considerably reduce the power consumption and reduce the environmental impact of industrial facilities. Thermophysical characteristics of the main types of PCMs are presented. The heat balance for a room with walls made of PCM-added materials is estimated. The predictions demonstrate that such structures can stabilize the temperature in practical applications as a result of usage of such materials. The potential of wide application of PCMs as a basis for thermal energy storage is limited due to very low conductivity (less than 1 W/(m K)) specific for these materials. Hence, the option of increasing the material conductivity by adding some carbon nanotubes whose thermal conductivity is four to five orders of magnitude greater than that of the base material is examined. The numerical predictions of the heat-conduction enhancement in a PCM doped with carbon nanotubes and the preliminary experiments indicate that a PCM with approximately 20% carbon nanotubes can enhance the material heat conductivity by two to four times.

中文翻译：

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相变材料与动力工程

摘要

该评论包含有关相变材料（PCM）的特性及其用作热能存储基础的可能性的信息。相变温度范围在20到80°C之间的PCM要特别注意，因为此类材料可以有效地用于减少住宅和工业房间中的温度变化。因此，PCM在建筑业中的应用使得人们能够大大降低功耗并减少工业设施对环境的影响。介绍了主要类型的PCM的热物理特性。估计墙壁由PCM增材制成的房间的热平衡。这些预测表明，由于使用了这种材料，这种结构可以在实际应用中稳定温度。由于这些材料特有的非常低的电导率（小于1 W /（m K）），限制了PCM作为热能存储基础的广泛应用潜力。因此，研究了通过添加一些热导率比基础材料的热导率大四到五个数量级的碳纳米管来增加材料电导率的选择。掺有碳纳米管的PCM中导热增强的数值预测和初步实验表明，含约20％碳纳米管的PCM可以将材料的导热性提高2至4倍。通过添加一些热导率比基础材料大四到五个数量级的碳纳米管，来提高材料的电导率。掺有碳纳米管的PCM中导热增强的数值预测和初步实验表明，含约20％碳纳米管的PCM可以将材料的导热性提高2至4倍。通过添加一些热导率比基础材料大四到五个数量级的碳纳米管，来提高材料的电导率。掺有碳纳米管的PCM中导热增强的数值预测和初步实验表明，含约20％碳纳米管的PCM可以将材料的导热性提高2至4倍。