Combining historical climatology and environmental history, this article examines the diverse range of strategies deployed by the city government of Barcelona (Catalonia, NE Spain) to confront the recurrent drought episodes experienced between 1626 and 1650. Our reconstruction of drought in Barcelona for the period 1525–1821, based on pro pluvia rogations as documentary proxy data, identifies the years 1626–1635 and the 1640s as the most significant drought events of the series (highest drought frequency weighted index and drought duration index). We then focus on the period 1601–1650, providing a timeline that visualises rain rogation levels in Barcelona at a monthly resolution. Against this backdrop, we examine institutional responses to drought and discuss how water scarcity was perceived and confronted by Barcelona city authorities. Among the several measures implemented, we present the ambitious water supply projects launched by the city government, together with the construction of windmills as an alternative to watermills, as a diversification strategy aimed at coping better with diminishing water flows. We pay special attention to the institutional efforts to codify the knowledge about Barcelona's water supply, which in 1650 resulted in the Book of Fountains of the City of Barcelona (Llibre de les Fonts de la Ciutat de Barcelona). This manual of urban water supply, written by the city water officer after 3 decades of experience in his post, constitutes a rare and valuable source to study water management history but also includes significant information to interpret historical climate. We analyse the production of this manual in the context of 3 decades marked by recurrent episodes of severe drought. We interpret the city government aspiration to codify knowledge about urban water supply as an attempt to systematise and store historical information on infrastructure to improve institutional capacities to cope with future water scarcities.

中文翻译：

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控制水的基础设施并编纂水知识：巴塞罗那对严重干旱的体制反应（1620–1650年）

结合历史气候学和环境史，本文考察了巴塞罗那市政府（西班牙加泰罗尼亚，西班牙内布拉斯加州）为应对1626至1650年间反复发生的干旱事件而采取的多种策略。我们重建了1525年的巴塞罗那干旱–1821，基于pro pluvia替代性文件记载的资料将1626年至1635年和1640年代确定为该系列中最重要的干旱事件（最高干旱频率加权指数和干旱持续时间指数）。然后，我们将重点放在1601至1650年这一时期，提供一个时间表，以月度分辨率可视化巴塞罗那的下雨量。在此背景下，我们考察了机构对干旱的反应，并讨论了巴塞罗那市政府如何认识和应对缺水问题。在已实施的几项措施中，我们将介绍市政府发起的雄心勃勃的供水项目，以及建设风车以替代水车的做法，以此作为旨在更好地应对水流减少的多元化战略。巴塞罗那市政厅（Llibre de les Fonts de la Ciutat de Barcelona）。这份由城市水务官员担任的自来水，经过3年的工作经验，编写了这份城市供水手册，是研究水管理历史的难得而宝贵的资料，但也包含了解释历史气候的重要信息。我们以严重干旱的频发事件为标志，在3年的时间范围内分析了本手册的制作。我们将市政府希望将有关城市供水的知识整理为一种系统性的尝试，以此来系统化和存储有关基础设施的历史信息，以提高应对未来水资源短缺的机构能力。