A method is proposed to investigate the steady deformation and the drag of a single droplet in a flowing gas at a high Reynolds number. The volume of fluid (VOF) method is used to model the droplet surface structure. The direct numerical simulation (DNS) method is used to model the gas flow field. In order to avoid the effect of the droplet acceleration on the drag and reduce the computation cost, a body force is added to the droplet to make it fixed at a constant position. The body force is determined by using the Newton iteration procedure. The simulated droplet aspect ratio and the drag coefficient agree well with the published experimental data. Meanwhile, the sources of the drag are analyzed and the effect of the Reynolds number and the Weber numbers on the droplet deformation and the drag are studied. The drag mainly comes from the pressure difference between the droplet-leading zone and the trailing zone, and the turbulence wake would increase the drag.

提出了一种方法来研究高雷诺数下流动气体中单个液滴的稳态变形和阻力。流体体积（VOF）方法用于对液滴表面结构进行建模。直接数值模拟（DNS）方法用于模拟气体流场。为了避免液滴加速对阻力的影响并降低计算成本，向液滴施加了体力以使其固定在恒定位置。体力是通过使用牛顿迭代过程确定的。模拟的液滴纵横比和阻力系数与已发布的实验数据吻合良好。同时，分析了阻力的来源，研究了雷诺数和韦伯数对液滴变形和阻力的影响。