Abstract

Neutron diffraction studies on the small-angle neutron spectrometer YuMO (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna), based on the IBR-2 pulsed reactor, have been reviewed. The main parameters of small-angle spectrometers, based on the time-of-flight technique, are considered. It is shown that the flux on sample is the key parameter of the spectrometers based on pulsed sources, which makes it possible (along with application of a multidetector system) to expand the dynamic range of scattering vector magnitudes. The history of the setting up of the first small-angle instrument based on pulsed sources is overviewed. The directions of development of small-angle spectrometers are shown. The results of YuMO studies in the fields of polymers, biology, materials science, and physical chemistry are briefly reviewed. The main strategies of development of small-angle neutron scattering on pulsed sources are considered. The possibilities of the small-angle instruments based on a synchrotron source and on a neutron pulsed source are compared.

中文翻译：

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脉冲反应堆IBR-2的小角中子散射：现状和前景

摘要

综述了基于IBR-2脉冲反应堆的小角中子光谱仪YuM​​O（联合核研究所，杜布纳）的中子衍射研究。考虑了基于飞行时间技术的小角度光谱仪的主要参数。结果表明，样品上的通量是基于脉冲源的光谱仪的关键参数，这使得（连同多探测器系统的应用）扩展散射矢量幅度的动态范围成为可能。概述了第一台基于脉冲源的小角度仪器的安装历史。显示了小角度光谱仪的发展方向。简要回顾了YuMO在聚合物，生物学，材料科学和物理化学领域的研究结果。考虑了在脉冲源上发展小角度中子散射的主要策略。比较了基于同步加速器源和中子脉冲源的小角度仪器的可能性。